Explanations for forgetting
- Created by: annagilb98
- Created on: 09-05-16 15:21
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- Explanations for forgetting
- Interference
- Retroactive interference
- Attempts at learning new info interfere with past learning
- Muller(1900)
- Asked 6 students to learn and retrieve nonsense syllables. Remembrance was lower when there was an interference task
- Proactive interference
- Previous learning interferes with learning new information
- Underwood (1950) Participants able to recall older info more accurately. 70% 1 list, 10 or more 20%
- Similarity
- Interference occurs when situations are similar.
- McGeogh+ McDonald. Participants had to learn a list of 10 worlds along with another list, including synonyms, nonsense syllables and then a control group. The synonyms group performed the worst.
- Evaluation
- Artificial: most experiments were lab experiments.
- Only explains some aspects of forgetting.
- Retroactive interference
- Retrieval failure
- Encoding specify principle
- Tulving and Thompson.Memory is most effective when information that was there at coding is there at retrieval.
- Context dependent
- Golden and Baddeley. External cues influence recall.
- 40% drop in non matching variables
- Golden and Baddeley. External cues influence recall.
- State dependent
- State you are in at learning should be the same as retrieval
- Evaluation
- Can be applied to real life situations, e.g. the room where students take exams should be the same as the place they learnt the information
- Retrieval cues don't always work, e.g. complex information
- There is a correlation between retrieval and cues
- Encoding specify principle
- Interference
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