Explain why opposition to the Russian governments was so rarely successful in the period 1855-1964
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- Created on: 24-05-13 17:35
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- Explain why opposition to Russian governments was so rarely successful in the period 1855-1964
- Oppression
- Censorship
- Alex 2
- glasnost (policy of openness)
- Alex 3
- Clamp down on publications
- Officials censored written materials
- Certain newspapers, educational institutes and journals were closed down
- Officials censored written materials
- Clamp down on publications
- Nich 2
- reversion to glasnost
- glasnost (policy of openness)
- expansion of the press in 1894
- number of different periodicals published between 1900-1914 increased threefold
- emergence of newspapers aimed at the proletariat- the penny paper
- within two years it had reached a circulation of 25,000
- political matters discussed by the Duma
- finer matters of debate were occasionally omitted or changed
- Rasputin was named as the 'dark forces near the throne'
- finer matters of debate were occasionally omitted or changed
- emergence of newspapers aimed at the proletariat- the penny paper
- number of different periodicals published between 1900-1914 increased threefold
- reversion to glasnost
- World War One
- Russians, incl. troops were subject to censorship
- Troops at the front gained their news from foreign broadcasters
- When the Bolsheviks seized power they abolished press freedom alltogether
- This was done to suppress 'counter-revolutionaries'
- By the 1920s, reporting was totally under control, of the Bolsheviks
- In 1921 Agitprop was founded-its main aim was to create an idealised picture of Russian life
- By the 1920s, reporting was totally under control, of the Bolsheviks
- This was done to suppress 'counter-revolutionaries'
- When the Bolsheviks seized power they abolished press freedom alltogether
- Troops at the front gained their news from foreign broadcasters
- Russians, incl. troops were subject to censorship
- Stalin
- By 1932, all literary groups were closed down
- writers and publishers had to join the USW
- By 1934 members had to produce material under the banner of 'social realism'.
- writers and publishers had to join the USW
- World War Two
- A high degree of censorship continues throughout and after the war
- Radio airways were distorted, news was fictionalised an restrictions were put on all of the arts
- A high degree of censorship continues throughout and after the war
- By 1932, all literary groups were closed down
- Krushchev
- Censorship was eased in a similar way to Alex 2 and Nich 2
- By 1959 there were 135,000 libraries containing 8000 million books
- This was a ten-fold increase on the numbers in 1913
- By 1959 there were 135,000 libraries containing 8000 million books
- Censorship was eased in a similar way to Alex 2 and Nich 2
- Alex 2
- Censorship
- Oppression
- In 1865 censorship relaxed
- Alex 2
- Govt. retained the right to withdraw publications containing 'dangerous orientation'
- Alex 2
- publishers found it relatively easy to print material that questioned the role of the government
- Govt. retained the right to withdraw publications containing 'dangerous orientation'
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