Unit 1; Research Methods; Experiments
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- Created on: 25-11-16 13:46
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- Experiments
- Types of Experiment
- Lab
- iV manipulated in controlled environment
- Strength: standardised & controlled
- Weakness: low ecological validity
- Field
- IV manipulated in natural environment
- Strength: ecological
- Weakness: hard to control
- Quasi
- IV is naturally occuring
- Strength: no variable manipulation
- Weakness: no control over variables
- Lab
- Operationalising: making variables testable and measurable
- Descriptive Statistics
- Mean: total values divided by amount of values
- Strength: all data included
- Weakness: outliers can scew and make un-representative
- Median: middle value of numerical sequence
- Strength: not affected by outliers
- Weakness: not all data used
- Mode: most common value
- Strength: use for qualitative data
- Weakness: all could be different or the same
- Range: biggest value minus smallest
- Strength: quick & easy
- Weakness: highest & lowest could be extremes
- Variance
- *find mean per condition *subtract mean from each persons score *square each result *find the mean
- Strength: uses all data
- Weakness: is in squared units
- Standard Deviation: square root of variance
- Strength: same unit as original data
- Weakness: consumes time
- Mean: total values divided by amount of values
- Statistical Tests
- independent + nominal = chi squared
- independent + ordinal = mann-whitney U test
- repeated + nominal = sign test
- repeated + ordinal = wilcoxon signed ranks
- Hypotheses
- Alternative: IV will affect Dv
- Null: IV won't affect DV
- 1 tailed: gives effect & direction
- 2 tailed: gives effect but not diretion
- Experimental Design
- Repeated: same people in each condition
- Strength; no participant variables
- Weaknesses: order effects & demand characteristics
- Matched pairs: dif people with similarities
- Strength: no order effects, reduced participant variables
- Weakness: takes time & hard to match
- Repeated: same people in each condition
- Types of Experiment
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