Experimental Design
- Created by: 0045253
- Created on: 01-06-22 13:33
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- Experimental Design
- Independent
Groups Design
- Each participant is tested in only one condition.
- STRENGTH
- No order effects because participants are taking part in only one condition.
- WEAKNESS
- No control of individual differences (participant variables) this means differences between conditions may be caused by using different people rather than the IV.
- CONTROLS
- Randomisation: Ppts are randomly allocated to their condition.
- Repeated
Measures Design
- The same participant is used in both conditions and is involved in each task and tested more than once so each participant acts as their own control.
- STRENGTH
- Participant variables are eliminated as each participant acts as their own control.
- WEAKNESS
- Order effects – E.g. fatigue and boredom may lead to poorer performance or practice may lead to improved performance.
- CONTROLS
- Counterbalancing: Order effects can be controlled through counterbalancing. It ensures that each condition is tested first and second in equal amount.
- Randomisation: Order effects can also be controlled through randomisation. Participants must be randomly allocated to the different experimental conditions to prevent any bias in the results.
- Matched
Pairs Design
- Participants are matched as closely as
possible with another participant on variables related to the research aim.
- The assumption is that they can be treated as if they were the same person, this means the researcher can conclude that changes in the DV are a result of the IV and not due to participant differences.
- STRENGTH
- No order effects. Good way of controlling and reducing participant variables.
- WEAKNESS
- Time consuming to match participants exactly. More participants required than repeated measures as participants only take part in one condition.
- CONTROLS
- Randomisation: Members of each pair are allocated randomly to conditions, so each participant performs in one condition only.
- Participants are matched as closely as
possible with another participant on variables related to the research aim.
- Independent
Groups Design
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