sleep evolutionary explaination
- Created by: mollskie49
- Created on: 07-06-13 19:34
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- evolutionary explanation
- Energy conservation
- Warm blooded animals expend a lot of energy maintaining body temp
- Zeppelin and Rechstaffen – smaller animals with high metabolic rates slept more than larger with low rates exceptions are sloths
- Foraging requirements
- Herbivores – poor nutrition in plants so cant spend more time sleeping since need to look for food more hours of the day
- Carnivores high nutrition can afford to rest more cause conserve more energy
- Herbivores – poor nutrition in plants so cant spend more time sleeping since need to look for food more hours of the day
- Predator Avoidance
- Prey sleep less because need to be vigilant
- Predators can sleep more
- Allison and Ciccheti – species with higher risk of predatation slept less exception rabbit (high danger) slept as much as mole (low danger)
- Prey sleep less because need to be vigilant
- waste of time
- Meddis – helps stay out of way of predators when most vulnerable i.e night time
- REM and NREM sleep
- NREM is only part of sleep involving EC. Supp by Allison + Ciccheti – larger animals have less NREM but not less REM
- Shows that NREM important for EC
- Cappelini found no correlation between body size and NREM
- More primitive animals e.g crocodile only have NREM
- NREM evolved for energy cons but REM for brain activity
- Supp by greater need for sleep in babies brains are developing
- NREM evolved for energy cons but REM for brain activity
- More primitive animals e.g crocodile only have NREM
- Cappelini found no correlation between body size and NREM
- Shows that NREM important for EC
- NREM is only part of sleep involving EC. Supp by Allison + Ciccheti – larger animals have less NREM but not less REM
- Cappelini
- Negative corr between metabolic rates and sleep doesn’t supp EC
- Small animals have high metabolic rates and less sleep
- Data supports sleep and foraging
- Greater foraging requirements restrain time available to sleep
- Data supports sleep and foraging
- Small animals have high metabolic rates and less sleep
- Negative corr between metabolic rates and sleep doesn’t supp EC
- predatation risk
- Animals that sleep in exposed conditions sleep less
- Time spent sleeping in social groups also reduced although should be safety in numbers
- Animals that sleep in exposed conditions sleep less
- IDA- Evolutionary approach
- Fails to address key aspects of sleep e.g. drive for sleep when sleep deprived so reductionist
- Energy conservation
- Shows that NREM important for EC
- Cappelini found no correlation between body size and NREM
- More primitive animals e.g crocodile only have NREM
- NREM evolved for energy cons but REM for brain activity
- Supp by greater need for sleep in babies brains are developing
- NREM evolved for energy cons but REM for brain activity
- More primitive animals e.g crocodile only have NREM
- Cappelini found no correlation between body size and NREM
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