EVERYTHING ON NEURONS

Everything you need on neurons. 

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  • Created by: dav09
  • Created on: 28-10-21 12:24
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  • Neurons
    • What does a neuron do?
      • It transmits signals electrically and chemically and they provide the nervous system with its primary mean of communication
    • What are the seven parts of a neuron?What are the seven parts of a neuron?
      • Dendrites, nucleus, cell body, axon, myelin sheath, nodes of ranvier and axon terminal
    • What is the role of the nucleus?
      • It contains the genetic material of the cell
    • What is the role of the dendrites?
      • They protrude from the cell body and carry impulses to neighbouring neurons
    • What is the role of the axon?
      • It carries the impulses away from the cell body down the length of the neuron
    • What is the role of the axon terminal?
      • It communicates with the next neuron across the synapse
    • What is the role of the myelin sheath?
      • To protect the axon and speed up electrical transmissions of the impulse
    • What is the role of the nodes of ranvier?
      • It forces up the speed of the transmission by forcing it to jump over the gaps
    • Sensory neuron
      • Struture
        • Long dendrites and short axon
    • Relay neuron
      • Role
        • It connects the sensory neuron to other neurons and it is found in the brain in the central nervous system
      • Structure
        • Short dendrites and short axon
    • Motor neuron
      • Role
        • Connects the central nervous system to areas of the body eg muscles and glands
      • Structure
        • Short dendrites and long axon
  • Role
    • To carry messages about the senses from the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system
    • Sensory neuron
      • Struture
        • Long dendrites and short axon

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