Civil Rights events in
- Created by: Rebecca Gallacher
- Created on: 01-05-14 11:25
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- Events in the 1950's.
- 1950 - McLaurin vs. Oklahoma State.
- Upheld the rights of black students to receive equal higher education.
- 1954 - Brown vs. Board of Education.
- Supported by the NAACP.
- The BoE violated the 14th amendment
- Failure to provide Linda Brown an elementary school close to her home.
- Segregation in education "deprive(s) children of the minority group equal educational opportunities."
- Plessy vs Ferguson was reversed in education.
- The South was reluctant to respond.
- BROWN 2 1955
- Desegregation in education was at "all deliberate speed"
- Change was delayed for as long as possible in the South
- Montgomery Bus Boycotts 1955
- Buses were segregated across the south. Blacks had to sit at the back or stand.
- The boycott was not the first of it's kind to take place but it attracted the most attention
- It began with the arrest of Rosa Parks who refused to give up her seat to a white man.
- In response to her arrest, a bus boycott was organised by the NAACP. The MIA was created, the president being MLK.
- Initially, the MIA didn't demand desegregation, just polite and fair service.
- Demands were rejected and blacks were harassed for their participation.
- As the boycott progressed, so did the demand for the desegregation of the buses.
- In 1956, a federal district court ruled in the case of Browder vs. Gayle that segregation on buses was unconstitutional.
- This ruling was upheld in the Supreme Court later that year.
- Why was the Montgomery Bus Boycott important?
- It lead to the Browder vs. Gayle ruling that declared segregation on buses unconstitutional.
- Boosted the morale of the civil rights movement.
- The black community had taken action, stood firm and emerged victorious.
- Demonstrated the capacity of non-violent protest to achieve change.
- The media attention helped to create northern support.
- Lead to the creation of the SCLC.
- Little Rock, Arkansas
- September 1957, 9 black students attempted to attend Central High School.
- The governor of Arkansas, Faubus, prevented their entry by the use of the National Guard,
- Federal court ordered for the withdrawal of the National Guard.
- Crowds were outside the school taunting and insulting the children as they tried to enter.
- Eisenhower was forced to intervene by using the National Guard to escort the students into school.
- Troops were used for the rest of the year to keep the students safe.
- This reinforced northern white perceptions about race relationships in the South.
- These events were televised and it was easy tomake comparisons between the dignified behavior of the black students and the crowds preventing their entry.
- 1950 - McLaurin vs. Oklahoma State.
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