Evaluation: EWT Misleading Information Studies

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  • Evaluation: EWT Misleading Information Studies
    • Useful real life aplications
      • Important practical uses in the real world
      • Loftus (1975) said leading questions can have such an effect on memory that police need to be careful phrasing questions
      • An area where psychologists believe they can make a difference to the lives of people
        • Improving the way the legal system works
        • Appearing in court trials as expert witnesses
    • Artificial tasks
      • Loftus and Palmer: ppts watched video clips of accidents
      • Clips lack the stress of a real accident
      • Emotions can have an influence on memory
      • Tells us very little about leading questions in real crimes
    • Individual differences
      • Older people are less accurate than young people giving EWT
      • Anastasi and Rhodes (2006) found people under 45 were more accurate than over 45
      • All age groups were more accurate when identifying with people of their own age
      • This called own bias
      • Studies often use younger people as the target to identify
      • This means some groups appear less accurate, even though this isn't true
    • Demand characteristics
      • Zaragoza and McCloskey (1989): answers  participants give are result of DCs
      • Participants don't want to let the researcher down
      • If they don't know the answer to a question, they guess
      • This extraneous variable may affect the DV
      • Participants may change their behaviour within the research situation

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