Evaluating social influence on gender
- Created by: Robyn
- Created on: 14-01-14 14:11
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- Evaluating social influence on gender
- SLT
- Modelling
- initial source of evidence
- bobo doll= effect of adult model on child behaviour
- Perry and Bussey
- investigated effect on gender development
- children imitated same sex model's behaviour
- effects of modelling limited by stereotypes
- initial source of evidence
- Direct tuition vs modelling
- do not always model same-sex model
- martin et al
- investigated on gender development
- labelled toys
- preschool boys= played with 'boys toys'
- wouldn't play with 'girls toys'
- instruction more important than modelling
- Modelling
- sources of influence
- parents
- Smith and Lloyd
- mothers played with babies
- presented as boy or girl
- mother selected gender appropriate toys
- responded more actively when a 'boy' showed motor activity
- mothers played with babies
- differential reinforcement affects behaviour
- Fagot et al
- parents show clearest patterns of differential reinforcemnet
- children are quickest to develop gender preferences
- parents show clearest patterns of differential reinforcemnet
- Fagot et al
- Smith and Lloyd
- peers
- prime socialising agent of gender development
- unimportant in early childhood
- reinforces existing gender stereotypes
- Lamb and Roopnarine
- preschool children playing
- male-typed behaviour reinforced in girls
- behaviour continued for less time than in boys
- peer reinforcement= reminder
- Media
- gender stereotypes
- even in young children
- hard to get evidence
- very few children have no tv influence
- notel, unitel and multitel study
- very few children have no tv influence
- pressure on media to alter perceptions of gender
- media set previous perceptions
- Pingree
- stereotyping reduced
- children shown non-stereotypical women
- pre-adolescent boys= stronger stereotypes
- backlash may occur- boys this age want to oppose adults
- backlash may occur- boys this age want to oppose adults
- stereotyping reduced
- media's effects reinforce status quo
- signorelli and Bacue
- examined 30 years of tv
- little change in gender stereotypes
- examined 30 years of tv
- signorelli and Bacue
- gender stereotypes
- parents
- Response to criticism
- an adevelopmental theory
- Durkin
- Bandura's theory= processes of learning same at any age
- however some sequence to Bandura
- cognitive-developmental theories
- why children attend to same sex stereotypes and ignore 'out-group'
- cognitive-developmental theories
- Durkin
- Active involvement
- social learning approach
- protrays child as passive in development
- children learn of sanctions against cross-gender behaviour
- behaviour then regulated
- social learning approach
- an adevelopmental theory
- SLT
- SLT
- Active involvement
- social learning approach
- protrays child as passive in development
- children learn of sanctions against cross-gender behaviour
- behaviour then regulated
- social learning approach
- includes active involvement
- shift in reinforcament
- parents to peers
- because of self evaluation and self regulation
- Bussey and Bandura
- parents to peers
- Active involvement
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