Ethical Principles

Overview of ethical principles for OCR religous ethics. It's predominantly absolutism and relativism, covering the aspects of each theory along with strengths and weaknesses. 

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  • Created by: Yamanam
  • Created on: 28-04-13 00:28
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  • Ethical Principles
    • Moral Absolutism
      • Universal
      • Objective
      • Human rights
        • Example of moral absolutism because they don't change depending on religion or race
      • Platonic idealism
        • Theory of the forms
          • Eternal and unchanging and therefore absolute
          • Give meaning and structure to universe
          • "Forms are reducible to a single unalterable ideal, the forms of the Good"
      • Religious absolutism
        • Divine command theory
      • Weakness'
        • What about individual lifestyles?
        • Doesn't consider cultural differences
        • Doesn't consider specific situations
        • Doesn't consider historical devolopment
        • Surely sometimes you will have personal opinions to condier
        • Condemnatory and harsh
      • Strengths
        • Clear moral judgements
        • Societies can judge one another and evaluate the morality
        • Quick ethical decisions, no "ifs" or "buts"
        • Allows for human rights and therefore equality
        • Allows different societies to share common values
        • Preferences aren't considered because it's based on universal values
      • Absolute theories
        • Kantian ethics
        • Natural Law
          • Religious absolutism
            • Divine command theory
    • Relativism
      • Moral relativism
        • Situation ethics
          • What's right and wrong is dependent on the situation
          • Agapeism = Using agape as the test for making moral descions
          • Consequentialism  = Consequences of an action determine whether it's right or wrong
          • Four principles
            • Positivism
              • Relying on faith not reason
            • Personalism
              • God is not here to judge, he has a relationship with humanity
            • Relativism
              • Agape is a guide and not absolute
            • Pragmatism
              • Every decisions should be based on agape
          • "Law of love" n'awhhh
      • Cultural relativism
        • Dependency Thesis
          • Morality of societies is dependent on aspirations and beliefs
        • Conventionalism
          • Argues that moral rules are emerge due to reactions to a circumstance rather than being based on particular values
        • Pyramid relativism
          • That all societies have a fundamental principle where other values stem out from
        • Diversity Thesis
          • Morals differ from society to society as a result of historical development
      • Subjective relativism
        • Dependent on individual not society
          • So you're neighbor slips over and faceplants, one person see's it as duty to call an ambulance whilst another does so because they were friends
          • Micro-socities
            • You act different depending on the groups you're around, this doesn't mean one set of values is better than the other
          • Hypocrisy
            • Good moral values are consitent with one another
      • Strengths
        • Rejects moral imperialism
        • (subjective relativism) considers individuals preferances
        • Respects differences among societies
        • "Truth is with the crowd and error with the individual"
          • Can be strength or weakness
            • (subjective relativism) considers individuals preferances
      • Weakness'
        • Society is viewed as the only influence on morality
        • Its only really descriptive which can allow for evil actions being justified
        • opposes cultural imperialism
        • "Every culture has a concept of murder"
          • Doesn't appreciate that some values are universal
      • Relative
      • Subjective

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