Geography: Wind and Ice Erosion

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  • Erosion: Wind and Ice
    • Glaciers
      • Erode land. The material in the ice gets dumped when melting- deposition features
      • Moraines- rock left at sides (lateral) and end (terminal) of glacier as it melts.
        • Eskers- Meandering ridges of sand and stones formed by rivers under glacier.
          • Drumlins- Rounded hills. Materials deposited beneath ice and shaped by movement of glacier
    • Cirques
      • Bowl-shaped hollows in glaciated mountain areas.
      • Snow fills hollow, lower layers are compressed and become ice. Eventually ice will become glacier
      • Weight of glacier and force of gravity moves glacier. While moving erodes into hollow making it deeper
    • Arete
      • Ridge on a mountain which has been eroded by a series of glaciers on both sides
      • Pointed peak- horn
    • U-shaped valleys
      • Glaciers will come together to make bigger glaciers in lower areas- valley glaciers
      • Valley glaciers cause bigger and more destructive erosion
      • Spurs will be cut off that are in the valleys. The glacier widens the V shape (valley bottom) to U shape
        • Remains of spurs- truncated spurs
    • Wind Erosion
      • Most features made by abrasion. Abrasion biggest effect close ground (most material transported by wind.
      • Mushroom rock- base a lot narrower than rock above ground. Yardangs- long ridges caused by wind erosion and troughs
    • Wind Deposition
      • Material deposited when wind speed drops. Barchans, Sief dunes, Transverse dunes
      • Most common- sand dune. Shape and position will change after storm. Never in one place for long

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