epistemology
- Created by: rhiannzn
- Created on: 09-05-19 17:55
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- Epistemology
- what is knowledge
- ABILITY KNOWLEDGE:know how to do something
- PROPOSITIONAL: Knowing that, making a claim about the world
- plato argues that knowledge is a justified true belief
- ARE CONDITIONS NECESSARY? (YES!!)
- belief: if one doesn't believe in what they know, how can it be knowledge if it is counter intuitive.
- HOWEVER: PLATO argues that we don't have to necessarily believe in something for it to be true, lucky guesses can also be.
- truth: For a thing to count as knowledge it must be in accordance with reality otherwise it isn't knowledge at all.
- belief: if one doesn't believe in what they know, how can it be knowledge if it is counter intuitive.
- ARE CONDITIONS SUFFICIENT (NO!!)
- Gettier counter examples
- COINS IN POCKET
- JONES CAR AND B in Barcelona
- Fake Barn county
- Gettier counter examples
- ARE CONDITIONS NECESSARY? (YES!!)
- NO FALSE LEMMAS
- If P is true, James believes that P, James belief is justified and James did not infer anything false it is knowledge
- (a lemma is the belief upon which a belief is made)
- GETTIER: Overcomes, as it is based upon the lemma "Jones will get the job"
- FAKE BARNS: Overcomes, as it is based upon the lemma "the barns are all real"
- HOWEVER: When seeing real barn and believing it is real, there is nothing wrong with it yet its still a lucky guess
- is this really overcome? the fake barns example has real assumptions - the barns as real, and the essential assumption - that their are real barns - is also true. it is not essential for the barns to be fake...
- HOWEVER: When seeing real barn and believing it is real, there is nothing wrong with it yet its still a lucky guess
- AT RISK of infinite regress as one might begin to doubt all their beliefs, and as everything is made upon these everyday beliefs we have to change our entire reasoning system
- William Lycon - no essential false assumptions.
- when we justify a belief using an assumptive belief - a lemma.
- If P is true, James believes that P, James belief is justified and James did not infer anything false it is knowledge
- infallibilsm
- Infallibilsm is the belief that things can only be knowledge if they are infallible.
- solves Gettier and Fake barns as neither Smith/Jones or the driver have any knowledge other than that they are a thinking mind.
- EXTREME SCEPTICISM: Nothing we believe can be knowledge and that is simply counter-intuitive, we want to know how to define knowledge not discount all of it!! This would mean we discount all scientific knowledge we believe we know which doesn't settle right within anyone.
- VIRTUE EPISTE-MOLOGY
- Jones believes P, P is true, Jones belief of P is due to him exercising his intellectual virtues.
- Intellectual virtues are good memory, accurate understanding and data, the ability to think rationally whilst intellectual vices are luck and guessing
- the more advanced ones traits are, the more capable and justified the belief is
- fake barns: intellectual virtue of identification is missing and therefore doesn't count as knowledge
- gettier: smith doesn't have a rational ability to think maybe Jones doesn't have a ford or that "Smith getting the job" lie could've been a test by the company
- Jones believes P, P is true, Jones belief of P is due to him exercising his intellectual virtues.
- plato argues that knowledge is a justified true belief
- acquaintance: knowing of someone or something
- what is knowledge
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