Enzymes in digestion
- Created by: Moodymoo
- Created on: 08-03-14 11:31
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- Enzymes in Digestion
- Digestive enzymes work outside cell
- They are produced by specialised cells in glands and in the lining of your gut
- Gut helps to break down food into small pieces with a large surface area and mixes food with digestive juices
- Enzymes can then work on food
- Enzymes that break down carbohydrates are called carbohydrases
- Starch is broken down by amylase and turned into sugars
- Amylase made in: salivary glands, pancreas, small intestine
- Enzymes that break down proteins are called proteases
- Protein is broken down by protease and turned into amino acids
- protease made in: stomach, pancreas and small intestine
- Enzymes that break down lipids (fats and oils) are called lipases
- Lipids are broken down by lipase and are turned into fatty acids and glycerol
- Lipids are made in: pancreas and small intestine
- Different enzymes work best at different pH levels
- Enzymes of stomach like acidic conditions
- Stomach produces hydrochloric acid for this
- It also kills bacteria
- Stomach produces a thick layer of mucus which stops it from digesting itself
- Stomach produces hydrochloric acid for this
- Enzymes of pancreas and small intestine like alkaline conditions
- Liquid coming from stomach is acidic so liver makes bile (stored n the gall bladder)
- Food coming into small intestine has bile squirted on it, neutralising the food then making it alkaline
- Liquid coming from stomach is acidic so liver makes bile (stored n the gall bladder)
- Enzymes of stomach like acidic conditions
- Altering the surface area
- Fats don't mix well with watery liquids, they stay as large globules
- Bile emulsifies fats meaning it makes large drops into small drops
- This provides a larger surface area for lipase to act on
- Bile emulsifies fats meaning it makes large drops into small drops
- Fats don't mix well with watery liquids, they stay as large globules
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