Enzymes and Digestion
- Created by: Jasmin
- Created on: 19-10-13 16:42
View mindmap
- Enzymes and Digestion
- MOUTH
- Salivary Amylase = Starch (poly)--> Maltose (dis) (incomplete)
- Process of chewing (mastication) provides large SA and mixing of components of saliva with food
- STOMACH
- Pepsinogen = Protein (poly) --> Amino acids
- Pepsinogen activated in stomach by presence of HCL
- pH 1/2
- Low pH not activity of amylase in stomach
- Acidic conditions provide optimum environment for proteases that digest proteins
- HCL acid secreted from lining of stomach cells
- Acidity helps kill bacteria
- Acidic conditions can harm stomach so mucus is secreted to provide protective lining from specialised cells - goblet cells
- Acidity helps kill bacteria
- After digestion and muscular contractions of stomach wall chime is produced
- Passed through pyloric sphincter into duodenum
- All juices secreted make gastric juice secreted from gastric pits
- Passed through pyloric sphincter into duodenum
- Pepsinogen = Protein (poly) --> Amino acids
- SMALL INTESTINE
- Pancreatic Amylase = Maltose (dis) --> Alpha glucose (mono). Sucrose (dis)--> Alpha glucose, fructose (mono) does not require digestion. Starch --> Maltose pH7
- Lipase = lipids --> fatty acid and glycerol
- Bile helps to emulsify lipids by breaking them up into tinny droplets for easy digestion
- Protease = proteins (poly) --> Amino acids
- Bile made in liver, stored in gall bladder
- Contains bile salts
- Help raise/neutralise pH
- Bile is secreted into duodenum via bile duct and mixed with food
- Contains bile salts
- Pancreatic juice secreted into dudoenum
- Contains a mixture of enzymes - protease, lipase and carbohydrase and alkaline salts
- Raise pH
- So optimum pH is reached for activity of enzymes
- Raise pH
- Contains a mixture of enzymes - protease, lipase and carbohydrase and alkaline salts
- LARGE INTESTINE
- Absorption of water from faeces
- DIGESTION IN ILEUM
- Mucosa of ileum folded to form villi
- Microvilli
- Large SA for digestion and absorption
- Microvilli
- Mucosa of ileum folded to form villi
- Hydrolysis
- Splitting up of molecules by adding water to the chemical bonds that hold them together
- Maltose Lactose Sucrose (dis) does require digestion
- Starch Requires digestion
- Cellulose (poly) indigestible in humans
- MOUTH
Comments
No comments have yet been made