Enzymes
- Created by: Harriet hope
- Created on: 09-04-13 14:07
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- ENZYMES
- have a specific 3 dimensional shape- due to tertiary structure
- specific part of their structure called the ACTIVE SITE
- exactly right shape for the substrate to fit into
- Active site is complementary to the substrate
- Substrate fits into the active site making the reaction occur more quickly
- Enzymes are highly specific only ONE substrate can fit into enzymes active site
- Activation energy
- for reaction to occur, molecules need enough energy to get the reaction 'KICK STARTED'
- Input of energy is called the activation energy
- one way for a molecule to gain enough activation energy to overcome the energy barrier is to ADD HEAT
- Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy needed for a reaction to occur, making it possible for the reaction to occur at 37c
- energy barrier is much higher without an enzyme
- Lock and key theory
- each key has a specific shape that will only fit into one particular lock - similarly, each substrate will only fit into the active site of one specific enzyme
- Induced Fit
- Theory suggests: enzyme has a basic shape that is flexible.
- substrate collides with enzyme, the enzymes shape changes, so the active site becomes a close fit for the substrate
- This lowers the activation energy needed for the reaction. because the enzymes active site changes once the substrate is present
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