Environmental

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  • Created by: _alf24
  • Created on: 27-05-15 10:49
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  • Environmental
    • Ecoholism
      • Humans are  not the most important
      • The believe that all ecosystems and living things are dependant
      • Lovelock
        • Looking at the earth from space you see a self regulating system
        • Created the Gaia hypothesis
          • Human life could be wiped out but Gaia would survive
          • If we abuse Gaia we risk our own lives as Gaia owes us nothing
    • Deep ecology
      • All life forms have intrinsic value
      • Aldo Leopold
        • "A thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity, stability and beauty or the bionic community"
      • Aarne Naess
        • Put forward the word ecosophy
          • Ecological philosophy
        • "Every being whether human, animal or vegetable has a right to live and blossom"
        • Deep ecology platform
          • 4. Humans impact is excessive
          • 3. Humans have no right to reduce richness and diversity
          • 5. Human population and lifestyles are key to this impact
          • 2. Richness and diversity contribute to well being
          • 6. The diversity of life can only flourish with reduced human impact
          • 1. All life has value
          • 7. Political, technological and  economic factors must be changed
          • 8. If we accept all these points we are obliged to change
        • He said we should...
          • Abandon all capitalist aims
          • Dramatically reduce the earths population
          • Conserve diversity of species
          • Live in small self sufficient communities
          • "Touch the earth lightly"
    • Shallow ecology
      • When you think the environment has worth but only be official to humans
      • Anthropocentric
        • Puts humans at the start
        • Environmental damage can be accepted if it being it's humans
      • Michael la Boissiere
        • It is okay for animals to become extinct
        • We have no obligation to prevent extinction
    • Religious views
      • Stewardship
        • We have a sense of responsibility but we don't have dominion over everything
        • Adolpho Masteranti
          • We have a duty to be courteous, tolerant, humble, just and in awe of the creation that God has entrusted to us.
        • Humans are co-creators with God and need to use the world with care
      • Creation spirituality
        • St Francis of Assici
          • God can be seen and found in all creation
          • All creatures have the ability and the duty to worship God
        • In the Bible God seems to value the natural world
      • Consequence of sin
        • The original sin has had a consequence on the relationship between God and humankind
        • To rectify this we should follow stewardship
        • The fall is seen as the reason for our environmental problems
      • Rapture
        • Those who believe in end time feel that the concern for the earth is irrelevant as there will be no future
        • Destruction of the earth is welcomed as it is a sign of the coming of the apocolypse
    • Utilitarianism
      • Weigh up long term harm against short term gain
      • Preference utilitarianism would focus on the current generation and what is best for them
      • How would you calculate the needs of the future?
      • What sort of environment is required to maximise the quality of life?
      • Mill - appreciation of nature is a higher pleasere
      • Bentham enjoyed nature
    • Kant
      • Cruelty to animals is irrational
      • Nature should not be exploited
      • Nature should not be treated as a means to an end
        • We shouldn't exploit the environment for financial gain
      • A person likely to beat a dog is likely to beat a person
      • The natural world is logical and purposeful, humans fit into this
    • Virtue ethics
      • Virtue ethics is a human centred approach
      • Character traits are important e.g. care, respect for creatures
      • Sustainability is a fundamental goal but this is self-motivated so could be selfish
      • It is very hard to apply to the environment

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