Energy Transfer by Heating

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  • Energy Transfer By Heating
    • Infrared Radiation
      • The atmosphere doesn't block infrared radiation
      • Greenhouse Effect
        • Short wavelengths of infrared get through glass
          • They heat the object inside and they give off longer wavelengths which cant penetrate glass
        • Gases such as water vapour and CO2 keep the infrared radiation in the atmosphere
    • Evaporation and Condensation
      • Evaporation When liquid gets hot enough to become a gas
        • Factors affecting rate of evaporation
          • Surface area
          • Temperater
          • Wind
      • Condensation Gas lands on a cool surface and becomes a liquid
        • Factors affecting rate of condensation
          • Surface area
          • Temperature
    • States of Matter
      • There are 3 states, solid liquid and gas
        • Solids keep their particles locked in place, keeping its shape
        • Liquid particles can move around and have no shape
        • Gas particles have much more energy and move around much quicker
    • Conduction
      • Metals conduct better than non-metals
      • Metals contain lots free electrons, they move at random in the element
        • Free electrons vibrate and make other electrons vibrate
          • This causes the vibrations to go along all of the object
    • Convection
      • Hot air rises, and cool air sinks
        • This creates a cycle
        • Heat causes the liquid or gas to expand, meaning their less dense
      • Only takes place in liquids or gasses
    • Surfaces and Radiation
      • Light shiny surfaces emit more radiation than matt dark ones
      • Shiny surfaces absorb less but reflect more
    • Specific Heat Capacity
      • Temperature rise depends on:
        • Energy Supplied
        • Mass
        • What the substance is
      • E = m x c x theta
        • E = energy transfer in joules
        • m = mass in Kg
        • c = SHC
        • theta = change in temperature

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