Physics P3 Energy on the Move
Created by AP.
- Created by: A.P
- Created on: 20-01-13 11:26
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- Energy on the Move
- Kinetic Energy
- The braking distance of a car increases with increasing speed, but not proportionally.
- Kinetic Energy = 1/2 x Mass x Velocity Squared
- When a car stops its kinetic energy changes into heat in the brakes, tyres and road.
- Work Done by Brakes = Loss in Kinetic Energy
- Braking Force x Braking Distance = Loss in Kinetic Energy
- When the speed of the car doubles, the kinetic energy and braking distance quadruple. This is why there are speed limits and penalties for drivers who exceed them.
- The braking distance of a car increases with increasing speed, but not proportionally.
- Fuel
- Fuel consumption data are based on ideal road conditions for a car driven at a steady speed in urban and non-urban conditions.
- Factors that affect the fuel consumption of a car are...
- ...the amount of energy required to increase its kinetic energy.
- ...the amount of energy required for it to do work against friction.
- ...its speed.
- ...how it is driven, such as excessive acceleration and deceleration, constant braking and speed changes.
- ...road conditions, such as a rough surface.
- ...how it is driven, such as excessive acceleration and deceleration, constant braking and speed changes.
- ...its speed.
- ...the amount of energy required for it to do work against friction.
- ...the amount of energy required to increase its kinetic energy.
- Fuel consumption data are based on ideal road conditions for a car driven at a steady speed in urban and non-urban conditions.
- Electrically Powered Cars
- Electric cars are battery driven or solar-powered.
- The battery takes up a lot of room.
- They have limited range before recharging.
- They are expensive to buy, but the cost or recharging is low.
- Solar powered cars rely on the Sun shining and need back-up batteries.
- They are expensive to buy, but the cost or recharging is low.
- They have limited range before recharging.
- The battery takes up a lot of room.
- Exhaust fumes from petrol-ruelled cars cause serious pollution in towns and cities.
- Battery-driven cars do not pollute the local environment, but their batteries need to be recharged. Recharging uses electricity from a power station. Power stations pollute the local atmosphere and cause acid rainl
- Solar-powered cars do not produce any carbon dioxide emissions.
- Biofuels may reduce carbon dioxide emissions but this is not certain because deforestation leads to an increase in carbon dioxide levels.
- Battery-driven cars do not pollute the local environment, but their batteries need to be recharged. Recharging uses electricity from a power station. Power stations pollute the local atmosphere and cause acid rainl
- Electric cars are battery driven or solar-powered.
- Kinetic Energy
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