Energy Flow

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  • Energy flow
    • most ecosystems rely on a supply of energy from sunlight
      • autotrophs
        • cyanobacteria
          • producers
            • plants
            • algae
        • plants
        • algae
      • heterotrophs
    • light energy is converted to chemical energy in carbon compounds by photosynthesys
    • chemical energy in carbon compounds flows through food chains by means of feeding
      • the arrow in a food chain indicates the direction of energy flow
    • energy released by respiration is used in living organisms and converted to heat
      • synthetise large molecuels
        • ATP
      • active transport
        • ATP
      • moving things around the cells
        • not all of the energy is transferred
      • Living organisms cannot convert heat to other forms of energy
        • light energy - chemical energy
        • chemical energy - kinetic energy
        • chemical energy - electrical energy
        • chemical energy to heat energy
      • Heat is lost from ecosystems
      • energy losses between trophic levels restrict the length of food chains and the biomass of higher trophic levels
        • only 10% is passed to the next trophic level

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