Reasons for the 9 Years War

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  • Reasons for the 9 Years War
    • Protestant Queen 1559-94
      • Faced potential threat of an Irish-Catholic  rising against her rule
      • 1569 threat became a reality with the revolt of the Northern Earls
      • Therefore, English government tried to replace Irish law and custom with English ones
    • Ulster 1570s
      • Late 16th century remained the most Gaelic part of Ireland - limited English control
      • Controlled by the O'Neill clan but rival with the O'Donnells
      • 1570 English began to take over - Earl of Essex & Sir Thomas Smith established settlement in East Ulster
      • Plantation failed but not before it led to violence - O'Neill & O'Donnells uniting under a common enemy
    • Violence
      • 1574 - 200 O'Neill clan killed at a feat the English inited them too
      • 1575 - 500 members of the O'Donnell clan killed in a surprise raid
      • 1576 - Elizabeth calls off the plantation but the  damage too Anglo-Irish relations had already been done
    • Irish Clans
      • 2 Leading clans that ruled in the North = O'Neill & O'Donnell
      • Both rival Clans over power struggles

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