ELECTROYLSIS

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  • ELECTROLYSIS
    • ELECTROLYSIS
      • the breaking up of a compound using electricity
      • the electrolyte (liquid which conducts electricity) is made up by melting or dissolving ionic compounds
        • ionic compounds conduct when molten or in solution as the ions are free to move/flow
      • electrons are lost at the anode (positive electrode) and gained at the cathode (negative electrode)
    • MOLTEN IONIC COMPOUNDS
      • can be electrolysed as ions move freely
      • broken up into their elements
      • +ve ions are called CATIONS as they're attracted to the -ve CAThode
      • -ve ions are called ANIONS because there attracted to the +ve ANode
      • LEAD BROMIDE
        • at the CATHODE: Pb2+ 2e- -> Pb
        • at the ANODE: 2Br- -> Br2 + 2e-
    • EXTRACTING ALUMINIUM
      • aluminium oxide is dissolved in molten cryolite
      • electrodes made of graphite to conduct electricity
      • positive Al3+ ions gain electrons at the cathode
        • reduction: Al3+ -> 3e- + Al
      • negative O2- ions lose electrons at the anode
        • oxidation: 2O2 -> O2 + 4e-
    • ELECTROLYSIS OF BRINE (sodium chloride solution)
      • CATHODE
        • hydrogen gas given off -> 1 hydrogen molecule
        • 2H+ + 2e- -> H2
      • sodium hydroxide is left in solution
      • ANODE
        • chlorine gas oven off -> 1 chlorine molecule
        • 2Cl- -> Cl2 + 2e-
    • PANIC
      • Positive = Anode Negative Is Cathode

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