Economic Development Case Study - India
- Created by: Isobel183
- Created on: 10-04-18 11:35
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- Economic Development Case Study "India"
- Facts
- Is a Newly Emerging Economy (NEE)
- HDI = 0.61
- Second largest population in the world (1.3 billion)
- over 20% live in poverty
- Adult literacy Rate is less than 70%
- It exports services and manufactured goods all over the world
- Is a Newly Emerging Economy (NEE)
- Industrial Structure
- Primary Industry
- Employs 50% of working population
- makes up only 17% of its GDP
- EXAMPLE : Agriculture
- Secondary Industry
- employs 22% of the workforce
- Provides people with reliable jobs
- Secondary industries are stimulating economic development
- EXAMPLE : Manufacturing
- Selling manufactured goods overseas brings more income into India than raw materials
- employs 22% of the workforce
- Tertiary & Quaternary Industry
- employing 29% of workforce
- Due to growth in IT firms and supplying services to foreign countries
- Contributes 53% to India's GDP
- They contribute the most
- Tertiary EXAMPLE : Services
- Quaternary EXAMPLE : Knowledge
- employing 29% of workforce
- Primary Industry
- Trans-National Corporations
- Disadvantage
- Some profits from TNCs leave India
- EXAMPLE : Unilever is a Dutch - British Company
- TNCs cause environmental problems
- E.G. Mercury contaminated glass from a Unilever factory ended up in a waste dump instead of being disposed of safely
- Mercury is a poisonous chemical that can lead to brain damage
- E.G. Mercury contaminated glass from a Unilever factory ended up in a waste dump instead of being disposed of safely
- TNCs mvoe around India to take advantage of local government incentives.
- EXAMPLE : Unilever had been accused of closing factories in Mumbai once local tax breaks ended
- Some profits from TNCs leave India
- Advantages
- They provide employment
- Unilever employs 16,000 people in India
- More companies mean a greater income from tax for India
- Some TNCs run programs to help development in India
- Unilevers "project Shakti" helps poor woman in rural villages become entrepeneurs
- There are 45,000 woman in the scheme
- Unilevers "project Shakti" helps poor woman in rural villages become entrepeneurs
- Unilever also works with charities to help run hygiene education programs
- They provide sanitation to 115 million people in India
- This improves health and increases sales
- They provide employment
- TNCs can help economic development by increasing the amount of manufacturing industry
- Disadvantage
- International Trade
- India is reducing barriers to trade
- India is encouraging foreign direct investment
- Trade with foreign businesses is increasing
- India is working with its neighbours to build the TAPI pipeline
- The pipeline will carry natural gas from Turkmenistan to India
- AID
- Short - Term AID
- Helps with immediate disaster relief
- The UK sent £10,000,000, a rescue team and 1,200 tent to India after an earthquake in 2001
- NGOs like Oxfam provided supplies and temporary buildings
- Intended to help recipient countries cope with emergencies
- Long- Term Aid
- Intended to help the recipient countries funded to become more developed
- Until 2015, India received over £200 million each year from UK to tackle poverty
- India has had problems with corruption
- Aid does not always reach the poorest people
- Intended to help the recipient countries funded to become more developed
- Top - Down AID
- When an organisation or government recieves the aid and decides where it should be spent
- Can improves a country's economy
- may not improve the quality of life
- used on large infrastructure projects
- such as dams or irrigation schemes
- Bottom - Up Aid
- Money is given directly to local people
- E.g. To build or maintain a well
- Has a large impact
- Can Improve health, skills and income
- Money is given directly to local people
- Short - Term AID
- Economic Development Impacts
- Economic
- More Jobs
- Daily wage has increased since 2010
- People can improve their their life
- e.g. afford healthcare
- Some Jobs in industry are dangerous or include poor conditions
- This can reduce workers quality of life
- e.g.coal mining
- More Jobs
- Environmental
- India's energy consumption has increased
- Use fossil fuels like coal and oil
- Fuels releases pollution and greenhouses gases
- Use fossil fuels like coal and oil
- Demand for resources can lead to the destruction of habitats
- Increased income from economic development means people can afford to protect the environment
- India's energy consumption has increased
- Economic
- Facts
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