Eastern European Development

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Eastern European Development
- Leader
  - Worldwide context
    - Yugoslavia
1945: elections: Tito wins for communists
- 1948: Expelled from Cominform because he wanted wider relations: funds from IMF and economic relations with West, trade freely, communes established, industry owned by working class councils
- Origins
Development of Cold War
- 1955: Khrushchev visits to make friends
  - 1956: Cominform abandoned so hope for strengthened relations
    - 1958: USSR postpones credit and stops wheat export because Yugoslavia "trojan horse"
Czechoslovakia: 1920-1945 is a protectorate
- Wartime context
  - 1920: new state, multinational state, Trianon created under treaty of St Germain
    - 1935: Benes is leader and appeals to Stalin for help
      - 1939: Hitler invades
1945: German protectorate
- Hungary
  - Ideology in cold war context
    - 1946: Free elections result in communists dominating cabinet
      - 1949: 1/4 million communist party members expelled
        1946-53: Rakosi is leader-Stalinist
        1955: Rakosi replaced by Gero
        1956: Hungarian uprising contradicts secret speech and peaceful coexistence. Suez canal crisis, Nagy replaced by Kadar
1948: new elections planned
- May 1948: elections rigged by SU e.g. candidates and policies
  - West respond with Brussels Pact (diplomatic defence) and NATO

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