durkhiem functionalist theorie on crime and deviance

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  • durkhiem functionalist theorie on crime and deviance
    • how to acheive solidarity
      • socialisation
        • to instill the shared culture to it's members
        • helps to ensure individuals interalise the same values and norms and that they act correctlyand in the way that society requires
      • social control
        • rewards for conformity and punishments for deviance
        • helps to ensure people behave the way society expects
    • the inevitability of crime
      • every known society has some level of crime making it universal
      • two reasons why crime and deviance is found in all societies
        • not everyone is equally socialised so some will be more prone to deviance than others
        • diversity in life styles and values
        • subcultures develope their own distinctive norms and values which members of the subculture view as normal but people outside the subculture may find it deviant
          • diversity in life styles and values
      • durkhiem views in modern societies there is a tendency towards normlessness
        • rules governing behaviour become weaker and less clear cut
          • this is because modern societies have a complex specalised division of labour which leads individuals becoming increasingly different from one another
    • positive functions of crime
      • boundary maintenance
        • crime produces a reaction from society uniting its members in condemnation of the wrongdoer and reinforcing their commitment to the shared norms and values
        • durkhiem says that the punishment of the wrongdoer is to reinforce social solidarity adn soiteies shared rules
      • adaption and change
        • durkhiem says that all change starts with an act of deviancewith individuals and their new ideas values and ways of living
      • davis argues that prosititution acts as a saftey valve for the release of men's sexual frustration without threatening the monogamous nuclear family
      • cohen identidies that deviance is a warning that an insitution is not functioning properly
        • hihg rates of truancy may tell us that there are problems with the education system and that policy-makers need to make appropriate changes to it
    • for durkhiem neither a very high or very low level of crime are desiarble as they are both signals of a malfunctioning social system
      • too much crime
        • threatens to tear the bonds of society apart
      • too little crime
        • society is repressing and controlling its members too much stifling individual freedom and preventing change
    • criticisms
      • durkhiem says that society needs a certain amount of diviance but he doesn't indicate towards how much the optimum amount is
      • functionalism looks at what functions crime serves for the society as a whole but ignores how it might affect individuals
        • seeing a murder being punished for his crime might be functional in reinforcing the feeling of solidarity among the rest of society but it isn't functional for the victim

Comments

Faith Thompson

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Useful info but crowded

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