durkhiem functionalist theorie on crime and deviance
- Created by: becca ellis
- Created on: 26-12-12 10:21
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- durkhiem functionalist theorie on crime and deviance
- how to acheive solidarity
- socialisation
- to instill the shared culture to it's members
- helps to ensure individuals interalise the same values and norms and that they act correctlyand in the way that society requires
- social control
- rewards for conformity and punishments for deviance
- helps to ensure people behave the way society expects
- socialisation
- the inevitability of crime
- every known society has some level of crime making it universal
- two reasons why crime and deviance is found in all societies
- not everyone is equally socialised so some will be more prone to deviance than others
- diversity in life styles and values
- subcultures develope their own distinctive norms and values which members of the subculture view as normal but people outside the subculture may find it deviant
- diversity in life styles and values
- durkhiem views in modern societies there is a tendency towards normlessness
- rules governing behaviour become weaker and less clear cut
- this is because modern societies have a complex specalised division of labour which leads individuals becoming increasingly different from one another
- rules governing behaviour become weaker and less clear cut
- positive functions of crime
- boundary maintenance
- crime produces a reaction from society uniting its members in condemnation of the wrongdoer and reinforcing their commitment to the shared norms and values
- durkhiem says that the punishment of the wrongdoer is to reinforce social solidarity adn soiteies shared rules
- adaption and change
- durkhiem says that all change starts with an act of deviancewith individuals and their new ideas values and ways of living
- davis argues that prosititution acts as a saftey valve for the release of men's sexual frustration without threatening the monogamous nuclear family
- cohen identidies that deviance is a warning that an insitution is not functioning properly
- hihg rates of truancy may tell us that there are problems with the education system and that policy-makers need to make appropriate changes to it
- boundary maintenance
- for durkhiem neither a very high or very low level of crime are desiarble as they are both signals of a malfunctioning social system
- too much crime
- threatens to tear the bonds of society apart
- too little crime
- society is repressing and controlling its members too much stifling individual freedom and preventing change
- too much crime
- criticisms
- durkhiem says that society needs a certain amount of diviance but he doesn't indicate towards how much the optimum amount is
- functionalism looks at what functions crime serves for the society as a whole but ignores how it might affect individuals
- seeing a murder being punished for his crime might be functional in reinforcing the feeling of solidarity among the rest of society but it isn't functional for the victim
- how to acheive solidarity
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