Drugs used to treat CVD

All the notes in the mind map were from the 'CGP AS Level Biology'

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  • DRUGS USED TO TREAT CVD
    • ANTIHYPER-TENSIVE DRUG
      • REDUCES HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
        • Less chance of damage to the artery walls (less atheroma & blood clots)
      • Includes:
        • Diuretics: Increase urine production to reduce blood volume
        • Beta-blockers: Reduce the strength of the heart beat
        • Vasodilators: Widen blood vessels
      • BENEFITS
        • Drugs can combine to reduce blood pressure
        • Blood pressure can be monitored at home to see if the drugs are working
      • RISKS
        • Palpitations (rapid beating of the heart), abnormal heart rhythms, fainting, headaches, drowsiness, allergic reactions, depression
    • PLANT STATINS
      • REDUCE CHOLESTEROL IN THE BLOOD
        • Reduces atheroma formation & CVD
      • Plants contain chemicals; stanols & sterols
        • Reduce blood cholesterol in humands by reducing amount of cholesterol absorbed from the gut
      • Foods that have added statins; maragarines
      • BENEFITS:
        • Statins reduce the risk of developing CVD
      • RISKS
        • Reduce teh absorbtion of some vitamins in the gut
    • ANTICO-AGULANTS
      • REDUCE FORMATION OF BLOOD CLOTS
        • Blood clots less likely to form at the sites of a damaged artery vessel wall - less chance of CVD
      • BENEFITS:
        • Used to treat people who alreadly have blood clots or CVD
        • Prevent existing blood clots growing larger
        • Prevent new blood clots forming
      • RISKS
        • Can't get rid of existing blood clots
        • If the person is badly injured a reduction in blood clotting can cause excessive bleeding
          • Fainting/death
        • Allergic reactions, osteoporosis, tissue swelling
        • May damage the fetus during pregnancy
    • PLATELET INHIBITORY DRUGS
      • REDUCE FORMATION OF BLOOD CLOTS
        • Reduce chance of a blood vessel becoming blocked by a clot
      • E.G. Aspirin - type of anticoagulant
      • BENEFITS
        • Treat people who alreadly have blood clots/CVD
      • RISKS
        • Rashes, diarrhoea,nausea, liver function problems and excessive bleeding

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