Drugs
Very detailed on pretty much everything you need to know on drugs for GCSE
- Created by: ukgamer321
- Created on: 20-04-14 20:55
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- Drugs- Chemical substance that affects the way our body works (mood, perception)
- TYPES
- Depressant- Improves mood for a short period, slows down heart rate
- Caffeine
- Cocaine
- Medicinal- treats illnesses
- Calpol
- Aprin
- Recreational- For leisure
- Heroin
- Alcohol
- Nicotine
- Solvents
- Stimulants- Boosts heart rate and other body functions
- Caffeine
- Anabolic steroids- stimulate muscle growth
- Side effects
- high blood pressure
- liver failure
- facial hair and deepening of voice in women
- development of brests in men
- Contains testosterone (male hormone)
- FOR
- More of a chance of winning
- Bigger muscles
- Have the right to take the drug or not
- Have the right to take the risk or not
- AGAINST
- Unfair advantage
- May not know health risks
- Side effects
- Depressant- Improves mood for a short period, slows down heart rate
- TESTING
- 1. Tested on collection of human cells (cell cultures) grown in a lab(toxicity)
- 2. Tested on animals (toxicity)
- Tested in clinical trials with healthy human volunteers (toxicity and does) and patients (efficacy)
- 2. Tested on animals (toxicity)
- Clinical Trial- poor people volunteers to take part because they need the money. Group 1 gets the new drug, Group 2 gets a placebo
- Carried out in LEDCs because it's cheaper and there are more people who need money
- Low doses of drug are given out at the start, then further trials are carried out to find the dose
- Control Group- one group is givin the new medicine. The other the existing cure for disease. Last for 3-5 years
- Find out which medicine treats the diease the quickest and is the most effective
- Done over a number of years to see the long term effects
- Double Blind Trial- person who gives the drug does not know which is which, neither do the patients
- Placebo- dummy drug/ sugar pill
- Valid- testing what you set out to test, control other factors diet exercise etc
- T- in the lab test for TOXICITY. H- HEALTHY PEOPLE for side effects. P- PATIENTS for effectiveness D- DOSE to give
- 1. Tested on collection of human cells (cell cultures) grown in a lab(toxicity)
- Thalidomide
- Was tested and used as a sleeping pill
- Discovered it worked for easing morning sickness, but it was not tested so babies were born with missing limbs
- Now used for curing leprocy and cancer
- Statins- used to reduce high cholesterol therefore reduce the risk of heart attacks/strokes
- Advantages
- Prevents 15,000 heart attacks and strokes every year
- 8 fewer cases of oesophageal cancer
- 271 fewer cases of heart disease
- Disadvantages
- side effects
- expensive
- does not extend life for long if you've had a previous stroke
- Advantages
- TYPES
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