DNA Structure
- Created by: arek.wasek
- Created on: 08-04-14 13:24
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- DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
- Individual nucleotidesof DNA are made up of three components
- A sugar called 'deoxyribose'
- A phosphate group
- An organic base belonging to one of two different groups
- Single-ring bases - CYTOSINE (C) and THYMINE (T)
- Double-ring bases - ADENINE (A) and GUANINE (G)
- The DNA molecule is combined with proteins. Then DNA-protein complex is coiled to form loops. Later on loops are coiled and packed together to form the chromosome.
- Compare DNA in PROKARYOTES AND EUKARYOTES
- Prokaryotic cells have smaller DNA which is also circular. It does not have chromosomes and is not associated with proteins.
- However the eukaryotic cells DNA molecule is large and linear. It is associated with proteins and does have chromosomes.
- Also alot of this DNA does not code for polypeptides.
- DNA does have specific base paring. This is ADENINE & THYMINE (2 hydrogen bond). CYTOSINE & GUANINE (3 hydrogen bonds).
- Individual nucleotidesof DNA are made up of three components
- Function of DNA
- Gene - is a section of DNA that codes for one polypeptide (protein)
- Locus - is the specific location of a gene or DNA sequence or position on a chromosome.
- Triplet code
- This means that every 3 bases in DNA codes for one particular amino acid.
- The code is also non-overlaping. so one amino acid consist of three bases of DNA. then next amino acid consist of three next bases.
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