DNA and RNA
- Created by: vezting
- Created on: 28-12-15 10:08
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- DNA & RNA
- Basics
- DNA: double stranded helix with H bonds, deoxyribose sugar, adenine thymine cytosine and guamine
- RNA: single stranded ribose sugar, adenine uracil cytosine guamine
- two polynucleotide strands join by H bonds between the complementary base pairs- G-C A-T (U-T)
- Replication
- DNA copies itself before a division so that each new cell has the correct amount of DNA, this is important for passing on correct genetic info
- the process
- 1: H bonds between polynucleotide strands break, helix unzips leaving 2 strands
- 2: origional strands acts as templates. free floating nucleotides join exposed bases by complementary base pairing
- 3: nucelotides are joined by DNA polymerase H bonds re-form
- 4: each new DNA molecule is made of one old (origional) and one new strand
- basic transcription/ translation
- 1: mRNA is a copy of a gene, made in the nucleus, DNA to big to exit via nuclear pore so mRNA is made
- 2: mRNA reaches rRNA where the proteins are made
- 3: tRNA binds to specific amino acid and brinds to mRNA on the rRNA
- 4: rRNA acts as enzyme joining amino acids together with peptide bonds
- Basics
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