DNA & replication - biochemistry
- Created by: HeHeHe24
- Created on: 06-12-19 16:54
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- Nucleic acids
- nucleotide
- phosphate group
- nitrogenous base
- adenine -> thymine
- 2 hydrogen bonds
- Guanine -> cytosine
- 3 hydrogen bonds
- adenine -> thymine
- pentose sugar - deoxyribose/ribose
- condensation reaction
- polynucleotide
- phosphodiester bond formed
- phosphate of C-1' bonded to OH on C'3 form sugar phosphate backbone
- Adenine triphosphate (ATP)
- adenine
- 3 phosphate
- ribose
- good energy store
- hydrolysis releases energy
- phosphorylation stores energy
- properties
- small
- easy movement
- easily regenerated
- soluble in aq environments
- immediate energy release in bonds
- no energy lost as heat
- efficient
- energy is released in small quantities
- no energy lost as heat
- small
- DNA - deoxyribonucleic aicd
- structure
- 2 polynucleotide strands
- run in antiparallel
- complementary pairing of bases
- Purification
- grind is mortar and pestle
- mix with detergent
- break down membrane
- add salt
- break hydrogoen bonds between water and DNA
- add protease
- break down proteins
- add ethanol
- DNA precipitate
- spool onto glass rod
- DNA precipitate
- Replication
- Semi conservative
- 2 DNA strands formed
- both have old and new strand
- old acts as a template
- (1) DNA gyrase uncoils
- (2) DNA helicase unzips
- breaks hydrogen bonds between complementary bases
- (3) 5' to 3'
- leading strand
- DNA polymerase continuously adds complementary bases
- leading strand
- (4) 3' to 5'
- lagging strand
- Okazaki fragments form
- joined by DNA ligase
- Okazaki fragments form
- lagging strand
- (5) condensation reaction
- phosphate and OH group
- phosphodiester bonds form
- Untitled
- phosphate and OH group
- Semi conservative
- structure
- nucleotide
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