DNA

?
  • Created by: tia5sos
  • Created on: 26-11-20 17:19
View mindmap
  • DNA
    • DNA - a double helix of paired bases
      • DNA contains all of an organism's genetic material - the chemical instructions it needs to grow and develop. DNA is arranged into chromosomes
      • 1. Chromosomes are long molecules of coiled up DNA. the DNA id divided up into short sections called genes.
      • 2. DNA is a double helix. Each of the 2 DNA strands is made up of lots of nucleotides joined together in a long chain - this makes DNA a polymer.
      • 3. Each nucleotide contains a small molecule called a 'base'. DNA has just 4 different bases.
      • 4. The bases are A (adenine), C (cytosine), G (guanine) and T (thymine)
      • 5. each base forms cross links to a base on the other strand . This keeps the 2 DNA strands tightly wound together.
      • 6. A always pairs up with T, and G always pairs up with C. This is called complementary based pairing
    • nucleotides contain sugar, a phosphate group and a base
      • 1. each DNA nucleotide has the same sugar and a phosphate group. The base on each nucleotide is the only part of the molecule that varies (i.e. it's either A, C, G or T).
      • 2. the base is attached to the sugar.
    • DNA is a polymer
      • 1. Polymers are large, complex molecules composed of long chains of monomers joined together.
      • 2. Monomers are small, basic molecular units.
      • 3. DNA is a polymer made up of nucleotide monomers.

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Biology resources:

See all Biology resources »See all cell level systems resources »