Sleep - disruption
- Created by: mollskie49
- Created on: 06-06-13 17:37
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- disruption of biological rhythms
- Shift work and shift lag
- Night workers – alert at night – out of line with natural rhythms
- sleep
- Decreased alertness
- Night workers - Between midnight and 4am
- Cortisol and body temp is lowest
- Night workers - Between midnight and 4am
- Sleep deprivation
- Worker that sleep by day = sleep problems
- Interruptions like outside noise, and daylight - Reduced sleep quality
- 1-2 hrs less sleep - REM is affected
- Poor sleep makes it harder for workers to stay awake
- 1-2 hrs less sleep - REM is affected
- Interruptions like outside noise, and daylight - Reduced sleep quality
- Worker that sleep by day = sleep problems
- effects on health
- Relationship between shift work and organ disease
- 15 yrs < - 3x more likely to develop heart disease
- Martino linked shift work with organ disease espc. Kidney
- Due to direct effects of de-synchronisation or indirect effects, sleep disruption
- Martino linked shift work with organ disease espc. Kidney
- 15 yrs < - 3x more likely to develop heart disease
- Relationship between shift work and organ disease
- jet travel and jet lag
- Physiological effects
- Biological rhythm not equipped to cope with sudden and large changes
- Dorsal SCN takes several cycles to fully resynchronise
- Winter et al - one day to each hour time lag
- Dorsal SCN takes several cycles to fully resynchronise
- Biological rhythm not equipped to cope with sudden and large changes
- Performance decrement
- America’s baseball teams - West coast were 3h behind
- East coast experienced phase delay - West coast phase advance
- teams travelling east to west won 44% games - West to east won 37%
- East coast experienced phase delay - West coast phase advance
- America’s baseball teams - West coast were 3h behind
- Phase advance/Phase delay
- Phase delay – like having a lie in (get up later)
- Phase advance - getting up earlier
- Phase delay – like having a lie in (get up later)
- Physiological effects
- Individual differences
- people who gave up shift work couldn’t cope and
tended to have rhythms that changed a lot
- Happy shift workers had unchanging rhythms
- people who gave up shift work couldn’t cope and
tended to have rhythms that changed a lot
- Shift work effects
- Not just due to disruption of bio-rhythms
- Associated with having to go to bed at unusual times
- Social disruption
- Divorce rates may be as high as 60% among all night shift workers
- Social disruption
- Associated with having to go to bed at unusual times
- Not just due to disruption of bio-rhythms
- Jet lag
- Affected by other factors
- Individual may sleep badly because of worry about travelling
- Alcohol, coffee, noise, annoying passengers, low cabin oxygen can be cumulative factors
- Individual may sleep badly because of worry about travelling
- Affected by other factors
- reducing harmful effects
- rotating shifts
- More problems occur when people do rotating shifts
- Non-fluctuating shifts less disruptive
- Can get used to one sleep-wake pattern
- Days off disrupt bio-rhythms
- Can get used to one sleep-wake pattern
- Non-fluctuating shifts less disruptive
- More problems occur when people do rotating shifts
- Forward rotating shifts
- Easy on body and less damaging to workers health
- Rotating workers shifts more quickly is better for health (in phase delay order)
- Easy on body and less damaging to workers health
- Artificial lighting
- Moderately effective in setting the rhythm
- Also found that dim lighting doesn’t have this effect – it doesn’t reset rhythm
- more than 24h rhythm using bright light pulses
- Also found that dim lighting doesn’t have this effect – it doesn’t reset rhythm
- Moderately effective in setting the rhythm
- Melatonin
- if melatonin was taken near bedtime it was very effective, taken at the wrong time of day can delay adaptation
- Social Customs
- Can entrain bio-rhythms
- Helps if you eat at the right time
- Period of fasting followed by eating on new time schedule should help bio rhythms
- Helps if you eat at the right time
- Can entrain bio-rhythms
- Real world application – IDA
- Research into shift work and jet lag is only important in its real life application
- However most research involves lab experiments which lack realism which sucks because the importance is that it’s applicable
- Research into shift work and jet lag is only important in its real life application
- rotating shifts
- Shift work and shift lag
- Biological rhythm not equipped to cope with sudden and large changes
- Dorsal SCN takes several cycles to fully resynchronise
- Winter et al - one day to each hour time lag
- Dorsal SCN takes several cycles to fully resynchronise
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