Disintegration of the Political Nation 1646-1649
- Created by: Maria Ayiotis
- Created on: 15-06-17 15:59
View mindmap
- Disintegration of the Political Nation
- Political and religious radicalism
- Lilburne and levellers
- Beliefs- emerged in 1645, influential in aftermath of Civil War. developed own plans for a written constitution, agreement of the people. Abolition go HOL (HOC become central body) universal male suffrage. New written constitution. equality before law and religious freedom
- Impact - revolutionary , demanded complete overhaul of political and legal system. Lilburne being arrested shows that they were seen as a threat. beliefs never popular with gentry as would result in loss of power
- 5th monarchists - not politically active and influential until 1649 ideas associated with them became growingly popular. Millenarians believed they should prepare for the return of Jesus
- Diggers- led by Gerard Winstanley and were equally scandalous to the political nation. Claimed ownership of land. set up rural communes on common land.
- Ranters- small-group preachers argued predestined to be saved by God were in capable of seeing so could ignore man-made codes of social morality. Critics feared they were engaging in a more sexual behaviour drinking swearing and criminal activities.
- Lilburne and levellers
- Attempts to reach a settlement
- Newcastle propositions
- Parliament and the Scots
- Charles handed to the English
- Divisions within parliament
- Presbyterian beliefs - wanted to abolish the Scots even oppose the Presbyterian event still be national church hierarchy bishops replaced Holles main spokesperson favourite negotiated settlement and the prompt dispersion of the new model Army
- Independent beliefs - believed each Christian congregation could be autonomous Minority in Parliament Cromwell saye and Selel supported wanted to force a settlement rather than continue with the protracted negotiation
- Extent of division
- Presbyterians where large is the most dominant group their strength declined as Charles delayed his response to Newcastle proposition
- Six in House of Commons had become vacant in the field by the recruiter elections many won by independent and including religious radicals
- P's boosted when Charles was transferred to their custody in January1647, Presbyterians hatched a campaign against new model Army which was viewed as a seedbed for religious extremism. Independence has close links to the model army. since Pym's death middle group had emerged favouring a negotiated settlement but no longer prepared to deal with Charles inflexible demands they followed the independence from mid 1647. both in relative agreement over effects of radicals
- early 1647 levelers became increasingly active in London issued petitions saying that nation was still oppressed and the grievances have not changed complaint about the way Presbyterian clergy were expelling nonconformist in the same way bishops had done HOC ordered petition to be burned
- Role of the Army
- Aggitators - many soldiers uncomfortable direction of political settlement new Presbyterians intended to send some soldiers to Ireland and expand the rest they were still owed significant arrears of pay and they felt they should have a say in peace negotiations in April 1647 elected their own political spokesman
- Army revolt June 1647 Junior officer Joyce arrived with an escort at Holmbyhouse to take possession of the King. Triggered a chain of events
- Charles taken to join the army on the market next day leading officers signed engagement stand with the army General counsel the army established which met to discuss political issues including grievances against Presbyterian MPs make June representation of the army published written by Cromwell son-in-law Ireton he demanded the expulsion of 11 presbyterian MP and fresh direction 11 MPs named Fred London returned in late July Fairfax order to keep the Army to 30 miles from London. 58 MPs and peers sought refuge with the army as Fairfax latest forces into London on the fourth of august. deliberately marched through London in a show of strength and Fairfax was appointed constable of the Tower of London six of 11 MPs fled abroad preceding started again some of the others
- heads of proposals
- Triennial act would be replaced with biennial Parliaments Parliament would nominating offices of State 10 years and would control the militia of the 10 years everything continued use of bishops in the Church of England restriction on the collective powers seven royalist exempt from pardon more reasonable to Charles in the Newcastle propositions excepted these are the favourite settlement proposals grandees emerged as a more moderate force who were willing to reinstate charles with most of his powers intact
- Second Civil war and reasons for its outcome
- Putney debates
- Engagements and role of the Scots
- Charles Defeated
- Trial and execution of Charles I
- Windsor Prayer meeting
- Negotiations at Newport
- Prides purge
- The Trial
- Political and religious radicalism
Comments
No comments have yet been made