Context - discourse
- Created by: Matthew Guillaume
- Created on: 13-04-16 14:43
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- Discourse (any communication by thought or words; can be spoken or written)
- Cohesion - this deals with how sentences link to each other
- how we are able to tell that we are not just reading or listening to a series of random sentences
- Coherence - what makes a text semantically meaningful.
- Back-channelling - non-verbal utterances to show attention or agreement such as: mmm
- Discourse marker - this signals a shift in conversation and topic area such as: but
- Fillers - non-verbal sounds that can act as pauses in speech such as: err
- Hedging - a strategy used to avoid directness or minimise face-threatening acts. Such as: perhaps
- False starts - when a speaker begins to speak, pauses, and then recommences speaking.
- Skip connectors - a return to the previous topic of conversation
- Fixed expressions - everyday sayings such as: as a matter of fact.
- Vague expressions - non-committal expressions such as: that 'thing'
- Ellipsis - where you shorten phrases/sentences to say them quicker. Such as: "just seen Jack" - removed "I've"
- Tag questions - a sign of speaker support, uncertainty, or a request for clarification such as: you did really well, didn't you?
- Deixis - words and phrases that can't be fully understood without additional contextual information
- Non-fluency features - pauses, hesitations, and repititions that occur in speech
- Initiation/Response/Feedback (IRF) - a structure in speech that allows the first speaker to feed back on the response of a second speaker such as: Hi, how are you?, "Fine, thank you! You?", "Yeah, pretty good".
- Adjacency pairs - two utterances by different speakers which have a natural link together. Such as: "How are you?" "Fine thanks".
- Exchange structure - a series of turns between speakers
- Turn-taking - the sharing of speaking roles
- Topic management - the control of the conversation in terms of speaking and topic
- Transition relevance point - a point at which it is natural for another speaker to take a turn.
- Cohesion - this deals with how sentences link to each other
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