Digestive System mind map
- Created by: Sophie Morgan
- Created on: 03-04-14 21:03
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- Digestive System
- Small Intestine
- absorption of nutrients
- Food enters the duodenum
- Where digestive juices are secreted & mixed with food from stomach
- Contain bile from liver
- nurtalises acidic acids and emulsifies fat globules into fat droplets and glycerol
- Contain bile from liver
- Where digestive juices are secreted & mixed with food from stomach
- Tryspsin, lipase, amylase & bicarbonate from the pancreas
- Villi and Microvilli
- increase SA of small intestine and microvilli further extend SA
- Have rich blood supply
- constantly takes absorbed nutrients away to keep diffusion gradient favorable for absorption
- Lacteals associated with lymphatic system absorb fatty acids
- Mouth and oesophagus
- food is chewed and tounge pushes down the bolus to the back of mouth.
- sensory nerves indicate swallowing reflex
- soft palate is pulled up as vocal cords close larynx
- larynx is pulled up and forward and is covered by epiglottis. bolus enters oesophagus
- peristalsis send food to stomach
- salivary glands
- secretes saliva
- keeps food moist
- breaks down food
- secretes saliva
- food is chewed and tounge pushes down the bolus to the back of mouth.
- Stomach
- makes hydrochloric acid to break down microorganisms
- muscular contractions to further break down food
- digestive enzymes
- Gastric glands where gastric juices are
- contain pepsin: acidic protease
- hyrochloric acid- degrade and break down food, kill pathogens, acidic conditions for protease
- mucus to line wall of stomach to protect from gastric juices
- contain pepsin: acidic protease
- Gastric glands where gastric juices are
- folds to allow for expansion
- Liver
- no way to replace liver completely successfully
- involved in: proein synthesis, protein breakdown, storage/production of vitamins, production of bile
- bile leaves liver via hepatic duct which is near gall bladder, where bile is stored
- bile emulsifies fats so that they can be mixed with water and acted upon by enzymes
- gall bladder
- store excess and recycle bile so it can be used to digest later meals
- Large intestine
- remaining food enters after small intestine with most water ingested with food
- water is now absorbed through walls of large intestine
- natural bacteria of large intestine fulfills symbiotic and mutualistic relationship
- bacteria get a warm environment and digested sugars
- bacteria are vital for preventing infection and synthesizing vitamin K for us
- more bacterial cells than human cells
- remaining food enters after small intestine with most water ingested with food
- Pancreas
- secretes digestive enzymes into small intestine
- produces insulin
- pancreatic juices
- sodium bicarbonate to neutalsie acid in stomach
- pancreatic amylase digests starch to maltose
- protease break down proteins into amino acids
- lipases break down fats into fatty acids and glycerol
- amylase break down carbohydrates (starch) into glucose
- Small Intestine
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