Deviance and Control Theories
- Created by: Joseph Timoney-Smith
- Created on: 03-02-15 13:45
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- Deviance and Control Theories
- Functionalist approaches to crime
- Durkheim: Positives and negatives of crime
- Positive sides of crime
- Crime is needed for society
- Society have shared beliefs that guide our actions, this is called the collective conscience, it tells us right and wrong
- Every time someone breaks the law, courts and the following media attention reaffirms societies boundaries - those who commit crimes remind us of crimes, so we wont commit them
- The boundaries can change meaning new laws are made or some are broken (see: cannabis use, sexism, racism)
- Crimes that are so serve can bring people together, through they mutal discust
- Negative aspects of crime
- Too much crime has negative consequences
- Anomie
- In times of sociological stress, the collective conscience breaks down leaving people free from norms and values leading them to think of their own needs
- Crime rockets
- Merton: he reassessed this concept in his strain theory, Durkheim was too vague...
- In times of sociological stress, the collective conscience breaks down leaving people free from norms and values leading them to think of their own needs
- Positive sides of crime
- Hirschi: bonds of attachment
- He asked the question "why don't people commit crime"
- Crime occurs when people's attachment to society is weakened in some way, this attachment depends on 4 crucial social bonds
- REMEMBER BICA
- Involvement -is there time for law breaking behavior?
- Belief - how strong is a person's sense that they should obey the rules of society
- Attachment - to what extent do we care about others wishes and opinions
- Commitment - what have we got to lose if we commit a crime
- Durkheim: Positives and negatives of crime
- The family and crime
- Putnam and social capital
- social capital refers to the extent to which a person has a network of social contacts made up in a area
- Farrington and West: Longitudinal research of 411 "working-class" males born in late '50s
- By the age of 25, one third were recorded crime offenders
- There are consistent correlations between family traits and offending
- Offenders are more likely to come from homes with poor parenting - especially if the father had criminal convictions or from poorer single parent families
- Study them until they were 30
- Putnam and social capital
- Marxist prespective
- Box, release from social control propels people into crime
- If people aren't caught committing crime the first time, they are more likely to recommit (such as fraud and white-collar crime)
- Marx says that capitalism is "crimeogenic"
- Box, release from social control propels people into crime
- Functionalist approaches to crime
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