Developments between the revolutions
- Created by: steloah1
- Created on: 25-04-22 20:59
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- Developments between the revolutions
- The return of Lenin
- After Feb 1917- the Bolsheviks only had 23,000 members
- Call to oppose the PG was seen as unrealistic as the B's were a minority
- When Lenin arrived on 3 April 1917, from Switzerland, the Bolsheviks formed their own ideology
- This had previously aligned with policy adopted by other left-wing parties
- Lenin enlisted help from the Germans to return, he was sent to stir up trouble
- Exiled for 17 years but greeted with cheering crowds at the Finland station in Petrograd
- Lenin was percieved as 'out of touch' by some bolsheviks and his radical proposals would cause harm
- After Feb 1917- the Bolsheviks only had 23,000 members
- Lenin's ideology and the April thesis
- Lenin did not believe in the need of a 'bourgeois stage' of revolution as the middle class was too weak
- Lenin believed Europe was on the brink of revolution - 'Permanent revolution theory'
- April theses: the war should end ASAP, power to the Soviets, land to the peasants
- 'Peace, bread and land' and 'All power to the soviets!'
- 'Utter falsity of the Provisional governement'
- 'Peace, bread and land' and 'All power to the soviets!'
- Lenin got his way by tactful retreat, threats of resignation, compromise and appeals to rank and file
- Lenin claimed credit for peasant seizure of land in the countryside
- Also took credit for anti-war demonstration in Petrograd that caused resignation of Milyukov and Guchkov in the PG
- Lenin claimed credit for peasant seizure of land in the countryside
- Lenin did not believe in the need of a 'bourgeois stage' of revolution as the middle class was too weak
- The July Days
- 3-5 July at the Kronstradt Naval base
- Armed demonstration using B- slogans
- Lenin felt revolution was premature but he could neither support or condemn revolution
- Tried to keep the protest peaceful but turned violent
- Violence towards protestors resulted in riots that undermined Lenin's authority
- Tried to keep the protest peaceful but turned violent
- Lenin felt revolution was premature but he could neither support or condemn revolution
- Armed demonstration using B- slogans
- The offices of the 'Pravda' newspaper were closed and warrants were sent for the arrest of leaders
- Lenin and Stalin fled
- Trotsky and Kamenev arrested
- Whilst in prison, Trotsky became a committed Bolshevik
- The Bolshevik 'Izvestia' newspaper denounced the role of their leaders
- Suggested that Lenin was working with the Germans against Russia
- B propaganda burned and Lenin's reputation fell for fleeing
- Kerensky replaced Prince Lvov after the July Days
- 3-5 July at the Kronstradt Naval base
- The Kornilov coup
- June offensive by Brusilov in Galicia
- Military was influenced by anti-war sentiment, led to desertions so the Russian advance was pushed back
- Kornilov was appointed to restore discipline
- Reintroduced death penalty
- Bolsheviks boycotted Kerensky's Moscow State conference that was intended to show political unity
- Kornilov was liked by those on the right and Milyukov's kadets
- In August, Kornilov ordered 6 regiments of troops to Petrograd, presumable to stage a military takeover
- Kerensky panicked and released B's from prison and provided them and workers weapons from gov. armouries
- B's organised the Petrograd 'Red guards', a more efficient paramilitary unit
- B membership increased from 23,000 in February to 200,000 by October
- Producing 41 newspapers and commanded 10,000 red guards
- Won a majority vote in the Pertrograd and Moscow soviets
- Trotsky = chairman of the executive committee of the Petrograd soviet
- Kornilov's supply lines were cut and coup leaders arrested
- Kerensky panicked and released B's from prison and provided them and workers weapons from gov. armouries
- June offensive by Brusilov in Galicia
- Lenin and the Central committee of the Bolshevik party
- 'History will not forgive us if we do not assume power now'
- Zinoviev and Kamenev urged restraint form revolution as Russia was not economically ready
- Trotsky wanted to work through the Petrograd soviet on 26 October
- Lenin was still hiding in Finland but bothered the 12-man committee
- Came back on 10 October - managed a 10-2 vote in favour of an armed rising
- Kamenev and Zinoviev said no
- Came back on 10 October - managed a 10-2 vote in favour of an armed rising
- 'History will not forgive us if we do not assume power now'
- The return of Lenin
- B's benefitted from widespread dissilllusionment
- Prices rose by c755% above pre-war levels
- In August, managers had the right to dismiss workers who went on strike
- Continuation of war and failure to distribute land
- Failure to hold constituent assemble led to suspicion that the governement delayed democracy to maintain their own power
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