Development (Defining and measuring) AQA Paper 2 Sociology Global Development
- Created by: ellaalevel
- Created on: 13-09-19 09:27
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- Development
- The process by which societies change.
- Development can affect a range of aspects of social life.
- Education
- Health
- Democracy
- Human Rights
- Gender Equality
- Well-being
- Sustainability
- Economic well being
- Normally measured by Gross National Income (GNI)
- Measures the total value of goods and services produced by an economy in a year.(Per Capita)
- Changes in GNI per year indicate states of economic growth.
- Measures the total value of goods and services produced by an economy in a year.(Per Capita)
- Sociologist however are often cautious due to:
- Does not cover all aspects of SOCIAL development. A rise in GNI does not necessarily mean a climb in health and education for all.
- It is an average for a whole population, does not garantee high standard of living for all.
- Only accounts for the 'official' economy, e.g growing food for ones own consumption or many people in the informal sector of work.
- Continuous economic development is very unlikely to be sustainable, such as increased crime rates and environmental degradation.
- Normally measured by Gross National Income (GNI)
- Social Development
- Education (Attendance, literacy rates etc.)
- Health (Child mortality rates etc.)
- Democracy (e.g. free and fair elections)
- Gender equality (differences between males and females in education etc.)
- Human Development Index (HDI)
- Measures both human and economic factors.
- Material standard of living (GNI)
- Education (mean gross years of schooling)
- Health (Life expectancy)
- Measures both human and economic factors.
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