developing Fuels mind map

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  • Developing Fuels
    • Entropy
      • Everything tends to choas
      • reactions tend to the side of least entropy
      • mixtures with more than 1 element have more entropy
    • Developing new fuels
      • LPG
      • Electricity - hydrogen  cells
      • Biofuel
    • Alkanes
      • CnH2n+2
      • saturated hydrocarbon chains
      • straight chains
      • Alkenes are unsaturated
        • CnH2n
    • Enthalpy
      • Exothermic give out heat
        • combustion
      • Endothermic take in heat
      • bond enthalpies are not exact
      • Hess' law
      • q=mc(delta)T
    • gas Volume
      • 24dm^3 in controlled
      • 22dm^3 at standard
      • moles= volume (DM)/24
    • Catalysts
      • heterogenieous- reactions occur in different state
      • homogeneous- reactions occur in the same state
    • Bond angles
      • 109.5 in methane
      • vary depending on number of bonds and lone pairs
    • Petrol
      • a fractional distillation column sorts the individual layers
      • large molecules can be cracked to turn them into small chains
      • you can change long chains into isomers with branches

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