Describe and evaluate behaviourist approach (16)

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  • Describe and evaluate behaviourist approach (16)
    • Blank slate - environment shapes behaviour
      • Limitation - ignores genes (biological approach) eg MAOA gene influences aggression
    • Behaviour is learned - classical conditioning (association) vs operant conditioning (reinforcement)
      • Support - Pavlov's research - bell + food --> salivate then bell --> salivate
      • Support - positive application - explains phobias - eg Little Albert
        • Support - another positive application - therapy involves 'unlearning' - systematic desensitisation
      • Support - Skinner
      • Support - positive application - operant can explain gambling
    • Only observable behaviour
      • Support - uses empirical evidence - can establish cause and effect eg Skinner could show that the rat touched the disc to receive food
      • Limitation - ignores internal cognition - too simplistic, not holistic (reductionist)

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