Depression
- Created by: emmadavidson
- Created on: 04-11-19 10:34
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- Depression
- Beck's Cognitive Triad 1963
- caused by negative self schemas which maintain the cognitive triad
- for sufferers of depression, these thoughts occur automatically and are symptoms.
- Negative views about the future (i'll never be good at anything)
- Negative views about oneself (I'm worthless and inadequate)
- Cognitive biases
- depressed people are more likely to focus on the negative aspects of a situation while ignoring the positives. these distort information which is a process called cognitive bias
- types of cognitive bias
- over generalisation
- making a sweeping conclusion based on a single event EG: i failed my end of unit test so i will fail all my a levels
- catastrophising
- exaggerate a minor set back and believe its is a complete disaster EG: i failed 1 unit exam so i am never going to uni or getting a good job
- over generalisation
- caused by negative self schemas which maintain the cognitive triad
- Ellis's ABC Model
- Explains what is required for good mental health.
- good mental health is a result of rational thinking which allows people to be happy and pain free.
- depression is a result of irrational thinking which prevents us from being happy
- A
- Activating event
- EG: a friend passes you on the corridor as they ignore you despite you saying hello
- B
- Beliefs
- the interpretation of the event. Rational or irrational.
- EG: rational interpenetration= they didn't hear you. irrational= your friend dislikes you and never wants to talk to you again.
- the interpretation of the event. Rational or irrational.
- C
- Consequence
- rational beliefs lead to healthy emotional outcomes. irrational ones lead to unhealthy outcomes
- EG: rational=i will talk to my friend later and see if they are okay. Irrational= i will ignore my friend because they do not want to talk to me.
- rational beliefs lead to healthy emotional outcomes. irrational ones lead to unhealthy outcomes
- Consequence
- Beliefs
- Activating event
- Explains what is required for good mental health.
- Evaluation of cognitive approach
- Strength: Practical application. developed treatments such as CBT and Rational Emotive behaviour therapy. they attempt to identify irrational, negative thoughts and is successful.
- Issue: Does not explain where irrational thoughts originate from. A persons depression could cause the neg effects.
- Issue: Alternative explanations. Biology, genes and neurotransmitters.
- Role of serotonin and drug therapies that are effective casting doubt.
- Strength: Research evidence. Boury 2001 found patients with depression are more likely to misinterpret info and and feel hopeless about their future
- Treating Depression
- Beck's CBT
- Help patient identify negative thoughts in relation to themselves, the world and their future using Beck's triad.
- Patient and therapist work together to CHALLENGE these thoughts by discussing EVIDENCE for and against them.
- The patient will be encouraged to test the validity of their negative thoughts and may be set homework to challenge the thoughts.
- Patient and therapist work together to CHALLENGE these thoughts by discussing EVIDENCE for and against them.
- Help patient identify negative thoughts in relation to themselves, the world and their future using Beck's triad.
- Ellis's Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy.
- Developed the model to include D=Dispute and E=Effective.
- Challenge irrational thoughts through dispute.
- Therapist will DISPUTE patients irrational thoughts to replace them with more EFFECTIVE beliefs and attitudes.
- Different types of dispute.
- LOGICAL DISPUTE= questions logic of thoughts. 'do the way you think about that situation make sense?'
- EMPIRICAL DISPUTE= seeks evidence for a persons thoughts
- Different types of dispute.
- Therapist will DISPUTE patients irrational thoughts to replace them with more EFFECTIVE beliefs and attitudes.
- Challenge irrational thoughts through dispute.
- Developed the model to include D=Dispute and E=Effective.
- Evaluation of the Cognitive Approach to treating depression.
- Requires motivation
- Overemphasis on the role of conditions.
- Beck's CBT
- Beck's Cognitive Triad 1963
- these maintain the negative triad.
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