Depression (clinical psychology)
- Created by: megknox
- Created on: 10-01-19 20:39
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- Depression
- Diagnosis (DSM-5)
- 5 or more, including depressed mood
- diminished interest
- weight loss or gain
- insomnia or hypersomnia
- fatigue
- feelings of worthlessness
- Recurrent thoughts of death
- 5 or more, including depressed mood
- Physiological Theories
- Neurotransmitters
- Monoamine Hypothesis
- Intervention
- Antidepressant Drugs
- E.g. SSRIs for serotonin
- Antidepressant Drugs
- Brain Structure/Function
- Right Frontal Lobe more active than left
- right: processing emotion
- Left: processing language
- Brain imaging studies
- Right Frontal Lobe more active than left
- Neurotransmitters
- Psychological Theories
- Psychodynamic
- Sigmund Freud
- Anger turned inward
- reduces self-esteem making us vulnerable to depression
- following real or imagined loss
- re-experience childhood loss
- most likely to become depressed when super-ego is dominant
- Intervention
- Emotionally Focused therapy
- tries to resolve unconscious conflict
- Separate self from loss
- Emotionally Focused therapy
- Psychodynamic
- Behavioural
- Operant Conditioning
- inadequate/insufficient reinforcement
- Extinction
- Reduced frequency of reinforcement
- Evidence is mainly Correlational
- inadequate/insufficient reinforcement
- Classical Conditioning
- Learned Helplessness
- Seligman (1975)
- person learns that their attempts to escape negative situations make no difference
- Depression occurs
- Become passive
- Endure negative situations
- Even when they can get out
- Repeatedly endures adverse stimuli
- Learned Helplessness
- Operant Conditioning
- The Cognitive Model
- Beck (1967)
- Cognitive Triad
- Views about self, world and future
- Negative Automatic Thoughts
- Result from Schemas developed in early life (triad)
- instant
- Errors in logic
- negative biases in information processing
- All or nothing
- focus on worst aspects
- jump to conclusions
- over generalisations
- negative biases in information processing
- Intervention
- Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
- Diagnosis (DSM-5)
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