Demography
- Created by: JuliaMabiza
- Created on: 26-10-19 21:47
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- Demography
- Births
- REASONS FOR DECLINE IN BIRTH RATE
- changes in the position of women
- Children have become an economic liability
- Child centredness
- Decline in infant mortality rate
- EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN FERTILITY
- THE FAMILY
- Smaller families
- AO2= one child policy in China
- Smaller families
- THE DEPENDENCY RATIO
- reduces burden of dependency as number of children reduces
- PUBLIC SERVICES AND POLICIES
- fewer schools and maternity and child health services may be needed
- THE FAMILY
- REASONS FOR DECLINE IN BIRTH RATE
- Deaths
- REASONS FOR THE DECLINE IN DEATH RATE
- improved nutrition
- medical improvements e.g intro to antibiotics, immunisations, NHS
- Smoking has been reduced and diet
- public health measures and environmental improvements
- other social changes e.g lifestyle changes, higher incomes, smaller families=reduced rate of transmission of infection
- REASONS FOR THE DECLINE IN DEATH RATE
- The Ageing Population
- CONSEQUENCES OF AGEING POPULATION
- Public services-they consume a larger proportion of services
- Results in more one person pension households
- dependency ratio increased-burden on the working population
- Policy Changes
- MODERNITY AND OLD AGE
- Structured dependency- the old are largely excluded from paid work, making them dependent
- Marxism-they are no use to capitalism as they are no longer productive
- POSTMODERNISM AND OLD AGE
- the olderly stages of the life course have broken down
- CONSEQUENCES OF AGEING POPULATION
- Migration
- immigration
- emigration
- Pull factors e.g free health care, employment, education, housing, security
- Push factors e.g crime rates, facilities running out, weather
- net migration
- EFFECT OF MIGRATION
- ON POPULATION SIZE
- ON AGE STRUCTURE
- ON DEPENDENCY RATIO
- INTERNAL MIGRATION
- GLOBALISATION AND MIGRATION
- Births
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