Defying Gravity

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  • Defying Gravity
    • Context
      • Music by Stephen Schwartz
        • Born in NYC in 1948
      • Performed in 'Wicked'
        • Performed at finale of Act 1- before interval
    • Melody
      • Syllabic
        • Some lyrics in a speech like manner
      • Vocable at end (b175)
      • Starts conjunct
        • ascending sequence (b6-7)
      • Verses and chorus are conjunct with some big leaps
        • Leaps
          • Rising perfect 5th (b34)
          • Compound perfect 5th (b140-141)
          • Compound perfect 4th (b39-40)
    • Tonality
      • Begins ambiguous
        • Bmajor (b20)
          • Fmajor (b22)
            • Dmajor for verse (b32)
              • Gmajor (b88)
                • Dmajor (b103)
                  • ambiguous like start (b115)
                    • Dmajor (b132)
                      • B minor (b169)- maestoso
                        • Finish of Dmajor chord
      • In Dmajor
        • Bmajor (b20)
          • Fmajor (b22)
            • Dmajor for verse (b32)
              • Gmajor (b88)
                • Dmajor (b103)
                  • ambiguous like start (b115)
                    • Dmajor (b132)
                      • B minor (b169)- maestoso
                        • Finish of Dmajor chord
    • Rhythm, metre & tempo
      • free-b1 andante-b20 allegro-b49 moderato-b88 allegro-b103 andante-b111 allegro-b129 andante-b162
      • 3/2-b1       2/2-b2      4/4-b88     2/2-b115
      • Syncopation (b67-70)
      • Dotted rhythms (b82)
      • Crotchet triplets (b60) Quaver triplets (b96)
      • Mainly crotchets and quavers used
        • Rests to break up phrases
        • Each phrase in verse begins with off beat crotchet rest (b15)
    • Texture
      • Opening is sparse
        • stab chords (b1)
      • Monophonic (b3)
      • Verses- melody and accomp
        • Accomp= orchestra
        • Melody= vocals
          • 2 singers
            • sing mostly individually
            • sometimes sing in unison (b101)
            • sing in harmony- 3rds (127)
      • Homohonic (b132)
      • Ending in contrapuntal
    • Structure
      • Verse-chorus form
        • Verses- b34, b63, b135
          • Each section has a contrasting mood
            • Choruses- b50, b79, b103, b151
        • Choruses- b50, b79, b103, b151
    • Harmony
      • Chords in root position
        • opening- descending parallel semitones
      • Dissonance (b30)
      • Pedal (b168)
    • Instruments
      • Vocals
        • Alto- Elphaba
        • Soprano- Glinda
      • Large orchestra in pit
        • Some players have to 'double up'
        • Woodwind, brass, strings, percussion
          • Electric guitars overdrive and distortion

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