Definition of development
- Created by: alyshia1
- Created on: 09-02-16 16:34
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- Definition of development
- Economic development
- This type of development was a priority in the 1950/60s
- An increase in the countries level wealth
- This could be the decrease in the numbers employed in agriculture and a rise in manufacturing and services
- Measured by Gross Domestic Product
- Which would allow for clear trends
- But doesn't show the inequalities within countries
- Which would allow for clear trends
- Social development
- Priority in the 1970/80s
- Looking at the demographic characteristics of a country- their infant mortality rate or life expectancy
- This includes a wide range of changes affecting the quality of life of a population
- Such as education, healthcare, status of women ect
- Often framed in terms of whether people are able to be and do things desirable in life
- Being- well fed, sheltered, healthy Doing- Work, eduction voting ect.
- Came about when it was discovered that economic development was unpractical i.e there was huge inequalities within countries
- Priority in the 1970/80s
- Sustainable development
- "Meets the needs of today without compromising the ability of future generations meeting their own" Brudtland report
- Came about in the 1990s/2000s
- When climate change became an important issue
- Increase drought in Africa- especially the Horn of Africa
- Depletion of the ozone layer
- Increase drought in Africa- especially the Horn of Africa
- It features social, economic and environment as developments of a country
- A country must have all three before they can be classed as sustainable developed
- Looking into the well being and happiness of a countries population as well as the environment
- Indicators like Happy planet index
- When climate change became an important issue
- Development gap
- This is the gap between countries that are developed and those that are classed as not i.e UK and the DRC
- First highlighted in the Brant report (1980) which found that there was a north south divide (Brandt line)
- Economic development
- Countries in the North had a high GDP, low death and infant mortality rates. has 25% of the population but 80% of the worlds income
- Countries in the south had a low GDP, high death and infant mortality rates. Has 75% of the population but only 20% of the worlds income
- Brandt report outlined possible solution to fix this.
- Rules should be drawn to limit the influence of MNCs
- MEDCs should give 0.7% of it GDP to Aid
- Rules should be drawn to limit the influence of MNCs
- Positives- Some countries have increased standard of living. Increase awareness of democracy
- Negatives- Poverty has increased and population growth is not under control
- Brandt report outlined possible solution to fix this.
- First highlighted in the Brant report (1980) which found that there was a north south divide (Brandt line)
- Countries in the south had a low GDP, high death and infant mortality rates. Has 75% of the population but only 20% of the worlds income
- Rostow- modernisation theory
- Believed that there was no gap instead there are 5 stages countries go through
- However, he believed that economies will learn from each other and development would happen quicker but has this really happened?
- He only focuses on economic development
- However, he believed that economies will learn from each other and development would happen quicker but has this really happened?
- Believed that there was no gap instead there are 5 stages countries go through
- Stage 1- traditional society. High levels of agriculture and outputs not traded
- Stage 2- Pre conditions. Development of mining industry and some growth of savings and investment- DRC
- Stage 3- Take off. Industrialisation and number of employees in agriculture declines- China
- Stage 4- Drive maturity. Growth becomes self sustaining and increase in levels of technology
- Stage 5- High mass consumption. High output levels, mass consumption and High employment in service sector
- Stage 4- Drive maturity. Growth becomes self sustaining and increase in levels of technology
- Stage 3- Take off. Industrialisation and number of employees in agriculture declines- China
- Believed that there was no gap instead there are 5 stages countries go through
- However, he believed that economies will learn from each other and development would happen quicker but has this really happened?
- He only focuses on economic development
- However, he believed that economies will learn from each other and development would happen quicker but has this really happened?
- Stage 2- Pre conditions. Development of mining industry and some growth of savings and investment- DRC
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