Defence Against Disease (with Acute Inflammation)
Acute Inflammation bit reads down, then up, then down, then up :)
- Created by: Samantha
- Created on: 24-01-13 20:04
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- Defence Against Disease
- Non-Specific Defence Mechanisms
- Barrier Mechanisms
- Skin, mucus lining of respiratory passages, blood, natural antiseptic in eyes.
- Other non-specific mechanisms
- Stomach acid and proteolytic enzymes.
- Phagocytosis
- Barrier Mechanisms
- Specific Defence Mechanisms (activated by antigens on pathogens surface).
- Cell-mediated immunity (T Cells)
- Antibody-mediated immunity (B Cells)
- Acute Inflammation (localized response to injury/infection)
- When tissue is damaged, pathogens may enter body. Cells release chemicals (e.g. histamine) which act as inflammatory medicines. Chemicals cause increase in blood flow and permeability of capillary.
- Area becomes flooded with fluid and blood clotting elements-causes swelling/redness.
- Tissue cells also release chemicals (e.g. chemokines) that attract phagocytic white blood cells such as neutrophils/macrophages.
- Phagocytosis begins when macrophages/neutrophils recognize invading pathogens.
- Cell membrane of macrophage fuses around single bacterium trapping it in cellular compartment called a phagosome.
- Phagosome fuses with lysosome to form phagolysosome. Bacterium broken down/digested. Macrophage absorbs useful material and expels rest.
- Anti-inflammatory factors begin to work so inflammation doesn't continue longer than necessary.
- Swelling reduces and skin heals
- Anti-inflammatory factors begin to work so inflammation doesn't continue longer than necessary.
- Phagosome fuses with lysosome to form phagolysosome. Bacterium broken down/digested. Macrophage absorbs useful material and expels rest.
- Cell membrane of macrophage fuses around single bacterium trapping it in cellular compartment called a phagosome.
- Phagocytosis begins when macrophages/neutrophils recognize invading pathogens.
- Tissue cells also release chemicals (e.g. chemokines) that attract phagocytic white blood cells such as neutrophils/macrophages.
- Area becomes flooded with fluid and blood clotting elements-causes swelling/redness.
- When tissue is damaged, pathogens may enter body. Cells release chemicals (e.g. histamine) which act as inflammatory medicines. Chemicals cause increase in blood flow and permeability of capillary.
- Non-Specific Defence Mechanisms
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