Defence against infectious diseases
- Created by: lavithedemon
- Created on: 13-04-16 11:27
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- Defence against infectious diseases
- the skin and mucous membranes form a primary defence against pathogens that cause infectious diseases
- cuts in the skin are sealed by blood clotting
- clotting factors are released from platelets
- cellular fragments that are used as a temporary plug
- the cascade results in the rapid conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin by thrombin
- fibrin creates a mesh in which more platelets are trapped
- ingestion of pathogens by phagocytic WBC gives non specific immunity to diseases
- engulfion of pathogens by endocytosis and digest them
- production of antibodies by lymphocytes in response to particular pathogens gives specific immunity
- antigen on the top of the membranes of pathogens
- antibodies connect with the antigen - this makes the WBC to reproduce and form plasma cells
- antibodies have two regions
- hypervariable region - connection with antigen
- another region
- makes pathogen more recognizable by other WBC
- prevent viruses to dock to host cells so that they cannot enter the cell
- memory cells
- antibodies have two regions
- antibodies connect with the antigen - this makes the WBC to reproduce and form plasma cells
- antigen on the top of the membranes of pathogens
- antibiotics block processes that occur in prokaryotic cells but not in eukaryotic cells
- bacterial DNA replication
- transcription
- translation
- ribosome function
- cell wall formation
- viral diseases cannot be treated using antibiotics because they lack a metabolism
- some strains of bacteria have evolved with genes which confer resistance to antibiotics and some strains of bacteria have multiple resistance
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