decreasing water deficit

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  • Created by: Mae0987
  • Created on: 20-05-18 11:34
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  • decreasing water deficit
    • dams
      • walls built across rivers creating reservoir
        • can provide HEP
        • backup when low precipitation
        • expensive to build
        • destroys landscape
      • eg. 3 gorges dam China
    • desalinisation plant
      • removes salt from sea water
        • countries by coast easily get water
        • takes up space
        • can decrease tourism
    • storing water
      • water lost through evaporation
      • storing water underground means less water lost
        • less water lost
        • only permeable rocks can store water
      • eg. oklahoma
    • water transfer schemes
      • from surplus to deficit through pipes
        • big cities gain more suply
        • can interfere with river flow
      • eg. sunderland
    • Lesotho Highland water project
      • background info
        • lesotho country within South Africa
        • lesotho= surplus South Africa= deficit
        • transferres from orange river
        • by 202 there will be 200km of pipes
      • positives
        • south africa
          • provides water despite droughts
          • safe water to 10% population
        • Lesotho
          • income improves development
          • 75% GDP
          • provides HEP
      • negatives
        • Lesotho
          • corruption means money not spent right
          • 30,000 relocated
        • South Africs
          • 40% water lost to leaks
          • people struggle to pay higher taxes
    • sustainable supplies
      • conservation: reducing unnecessary use eg. water meter
      • management
        • controlling use
        • eg. training indians to record rainfall and plan irrigation
      • recycling: sewage water used for nuclear plant cooling
      • grey water: using bath and sink water etc to reuse
      • local scheme
        • hitosa, ethiopia
          • 100 local taps and 150 agricultural from a spring
          • managed by locals= no corruption
          • pipes need repairing

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