Psychology debates
- Created by: jfinty
- Created on: 12-03-15 13:52
View mindmap
- Debates
- Nature-nurture
- How important is each
- Interact
- Nativism
- Twin studies
- Gottesman and Shields
- Schizophrenia 46% MZ 14% DZ
- Gottesman and Shields
- Adoption studies
- Twin studies
- Empiricism
- Shared and unshared environments
- Interaction of heredity and environement
- Children create their own microenvironment
- Interaction of heredity and environement
- Shared and unshared environments
- Blakemoore and Cooper
- Environment is important to development of innate systems
- Phenylketonuria (PKU)
- Environment is important to development of innate systems
- Implications
- Intelligence, aggression, schizophrenia
- How important is each
- Free will and determinism
- Determinism
- Internal
- Biological
- Instinctive needs
- Different parts of the brain
- Hormonal system
- Evolutionary forces
- Genes
- Psychic
- Multiple unconcious forces
- Overdetermination
- Multiple unconcious forces
- Biological
- External
- Environmental
- Demonstrated by Milgram's situational variations
- Environmental
- Evaluation
- Compatable with scientific method
- Reduces moral responsibility
- Internal
- Free Will
- Internal agency independent of externally imposed forces
- Soft determinsim
- Free from coercion but not from causation
- Hard determinism
- Behaviour is caused by events outside of one's control
- Soft determinsim
- Libet
- Determinism
- Internal
- Biological
- Instinctive needs
- Different parts of the brain
- Hormonal system
- Evolutionary forces
- Genes
- Psychic
- Multiple unconcious forces
- Overdetermination
- Multiple unconcious forces
- Biological
- External
- Environmental
- Demonstrated by Milgram's situational variations
- Environmental
- Evaluation
- Compatable with scientific method
- Reduces moral responsibility
- Internal
- Concious decision was not the cause of beahviour but a consequence of brain activity
- Determinism
- Evaluation
- Inconsistent with the assumptions of science
- Moral responsibility
- Internal agency independent of externally imposed forces
- Determinism
- Holism and reductionism
- Holism
- The whole is greater than the sum of its parts
- Gesalt psychology
- Looked at the whole person, behaviour
- Applied to perception (visual illusions - rule of closure, letters at start and beginning are right)
- Insight learning
- new behaviour not acquired through S-R links but process of insight
- Kohler chimpanzees
- new behaviour not acquired through S-R links but process of insight
- Looked at the whole person, behaviour
- Gesalt psychology
- The whole is greater than the sum of its parts
- Interactionist approach
- Holisitic and interactionist = more complete picture of behaviour
- Holism
- The whole is greater than the sum of its parts
- Gesalt psychology
- Looked at the whole person, behaviour
- Applied to perception (visual illusions - rule of closure, letters at start and beginning are right)
- Insight learning
- new behaviour not acquired through S-R links but process of insight
- Kohler chimpanzees
- new behaviour not acquired through S-R links but process of insight
- Looked at the whole person, behaviour
- Gesalt psychology
- The whole is greater than the sum of its parts
- Holism
- Holisitic and interactionist = more complete picture of behaviour
- Holism
- Idiogrpahic and nomothetic
- Idiographic
- Individual cases
- Case study, unstructured interviews,self-report, introspection and reflection. Psycholanalsyis = dream analsyis and free association
- Private, subjective and concious experiences; feelings; beliefs and values
- Evaluation
- Generalisations cannot be reasonably made to a wider population. (Freud)
- Subjective flexible and unstandardised methods of research (unscientific)
- Making replication, prediciton and control very difficult.
- However, these are not the only goals of science. others are to describe and understand which is best done by the idiographic method
- Evaluation
- Generalisations cannot be reasonably made to a wider population. (Freud)
- Subjective flexible and unstandardised methods of research (unscientific)
- Making replication, prediciton and control very difficult.
- However, these are not the only goals of science. others are to describe and understand which is best done by the idiographic method
- However, these are not the only goals of science. others are to describe and understand which is best done by the idiographic method
- Making replication, prediciton and control very difficult.
- Findings can serve as a source of ideas or hypotheses for later study
- E.g. Paiget's work inspired much futher research into cognitive development
- Only takes one to dispprove
- E.g. Koluchova's study of deprived twins contrasted Bowlby's idea that maternal deprivation is irreversible
- Cases such as these show how idiographic approaches allow for research into naturally occuring unusual cases.
- E.g. Koluchova's study of deprived twins contrasted Bowlby's idea that maternal deprivation is irreversible
- Evaluation
- However, these are not the only goals of science. others are to describe and understand which is best done by the idiographic method
- Making replication, prediciton and control very difficult.
- Findings can serve as a source of ideas or hypotheses for later study
- E.g. Paiget's work inspired much futher research into cognitive development
- Only takes one to dispprove
- E.g. Koluchova's study of deprived twins contrasted Bowlby's idea that maternal deprivation is irreversible
- Cases such as these show how idiographic approaches allow for research into naturally occuring unusual cases.
- E.g. Koluchova's study of deprived twins contrasted Bowlby's idea that maternal deprivation is irreversible
- Individual cases
- Idiographic
- Nature-nurture
- Overt behaviour
- Behaviourist
- Evaluation
- Highly scientific due to implicationsof studying overt behaviour
- Belief that humans and animals are the same is disputed
- Evaluation
- Behaviourist
Comments
No comments have yet been made