Death rates
- Created by: Former Member
- Created on: 30-05-14 22:57
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- Death rates
- Why?
- Improved nutrition
- McKeown- resulted in 1/2+ reduction in death rate, including for TB
- Higher resistance to illness- but why do girls live longer? Why did some infectious diseases rise?
- Others: ?fewer manual jobs ?smaller families= less infection ?greater knowledge of illness ?higher incomes =healthier
- Public health measures and environmental procedures
- Pasteurised milk
- Better housing
- Improved sewage disposal
- Purer drinking water
- Clean Air Acts
- Medical improvements after 1950s: ?antibiotics ?widespread immunisation ?NHS in 1949 ?blood transfusions ?by-pass surgery ?better midwifery and maternity services
- Improved nutrition
- What's going on?
- Death rate: ?1900- 19 ?2007- 10
- Rise in 2 World Wars and 1918 influenza (690,000 per year)
- Overall number stable since 1900- 600,000 per year
- Number of people over 65 years was predicted to overtake under-16s in 2014 due to higher age expectancy, declining infant mortality and declining fertility
- Higher age expectancy- ?1971- 34.1 years ?2007- 39.6 years ?2031?- 42.6 years?
- Impact
- General- newborn babies are now more likely to live to the age of 65 than live to 1 in 1900- 15% of babies died in their 1st year
- Class, gender and regional differences- women live longer than men, Southerners live longer than those from North and Scotland, working-class men are 3x more likely to die before 65
- One-person pensioner households-increasing- 14% of all households. Mostly female
- Dependency ratio- ?more retired?more burden on workers, e.g. taxation ?1/10 men in 50s no longer working ?more old people=?dependency ratio
- Public services- elderly consume many health and social care services, but many remain in good health. Changes may be needed for policies and provision of housing, transport and services
- Old people are regarded as incompetent burdens, and there are fears of the pensions time bomb
- Why?
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