Death and the afterlife

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  • Death and the afterlife
    • Jesus' death and resurrection did not mark the end of the world but the foundation of Christianity
      • Reasons of death
        • Sacrifice for sin
        • Prompt god to create a new world order
        • He and his followers would have a place in heaven
    • Ambiguity
      • Jesus' teaching was eschatological (reviewed fully after death)
    • Parousia
      • Jesus' second coming (found in the book of revelation
    • KINGDOM OF GOD
      • Interpretations
        • actual place
        • Symbol of moral life
      • Redeemed state
        • The righteous will live in harmony with God
        • Resurrection provides a glimpse of the future
      • Will allow the wicked to be excluded
        • Untitled
      • PROBLEMS
        • Jesus hasn't returned- yet
        • Where will the new kingdom be located
        • Final judgement seems to be less important
        • Purgatory provides a chance for those who haven't prepared for final judgement
          • Isn't explored in detail
    • Parable of the sheep and the goats
      • Sheep were held at more value
      • You cannot just be religiously observant, you must take action
      • Not necessarily Christians who are rewarded
      • Good work reflects Jesus' ministry e.g poor, needy
    • DEVELOPMENTS
      • Are heaven and hell eternal?
      • Is heaven a new perfect world?
      • Is purgatory a transitional stage?
      • Is God's judgement personal or final?
    • HELL
      • Dante
        • NIne circles of Hell
          • The ninth circle being occupied by Lucifer and traitors such as Judas
      • Symbol of alienation
        • Some reject Hell being a physical place but as alienation from God
          • Jean Paul Sartre
            • Described Hell as 'other people'
            • Doesn't believe in Christianity but came up with famous meaning of hell
          • Paul Tillich
            • Hell- to be alienated from God means you lead a life with no purpose and no pleasure
      • Separation and purgatory
        • Catholicsm
          • Mortal sin is punishable by the 'eternal separation from God'
            • Not actively chosen by God
          • Purgatory is taken to be an intermediate state
            • Place where soul can be cleansed of some sins
              • REJECTION
                • John Hick
                  • Purgatory is part of the journey which begins on earth and ends when united with God
    • Separation and purgatory
      • Catholicsm
        • Mortal sin is punishable by the 'eternal separation from God'
          • Not actively chosen by God
        • Purgatory is taken to be an intermediate state
          • Place where soul can be cleansed of some sins
            • REJECTION
              • John Hick
                • Purgatory is part of the journey which begins on earth and ends when united with God
    • HEAVEN
      • Dante
        • !0 heavens
          • Description is beyond human reach
        • Catholicism- beautific vision, perfect place
          • Rejection
            • Dante
              • !0 heavens
                • Description is beyond human reach
              • Catholicism- beautific vision, perfect place
                • Rejection
        • Election
          • Limited
            • The reward of heaven has been chosen by God for the righteous
          • Unlimited
            • A loving God allows all to receive salvation
          • Predestination
            • St Augustine
              • Despite calling all people to salvation, only some are eligible
                • The rest are predestined to perdition
                • Single
                  • God decides who gets into heaven
                • Double
                  • God decides AND decrees that sinners are destined for Hell
                    • Divine decree
                      • God decides who gets into heaven
                      • Who enters heaven prior to and after the Fall
              • John calvin (Calvinism)
                • HUmans cannot know what God intends
                  • God has mercy for all people, and christians have a duty to preach them all
              • Thomas Aquinas and Catholicism
                • Catholic teaches single predestination
                  • The wicked selected them self by committing mortal sins
      • UNIVERSALISM
        • Goal is to restore the world to it's pre fall state
        • God's love requires all humans to achieve salvation
        • Allows people with differing belief systems to reconcile themselves with God
          • JOHN HICK
            • God's love requires all humans to achieve salvation
            • Goal is to restore the world to it's pre fall state
            • Against
              • Karl Barth
                • God acts freely
                  • Seen in Jesus
                    • Elector- redeeming all humantiy
                    • Untitled

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